Factors associated with physical activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at a public clinic in Gaborone, Botswana, in 2017.

BACKGROUND

Physical activity plays a significant role in the managing of type 2 diabetes and is essential in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes mellitus. A number of factors influence non-adherence to physical activity: social, personal, environmental and economic factors. Diabetes research conducted in Botswana has focused on behavioural change, treatment adherence and nutrition. The physical activity levels of type 2 diabetes patients and associated factors are not known.

AIM

The aim of this study was to assess the physical activity levels (PALs) and factors associated with physical activity in type 2 diabetes mellitusSetting: The study was conducted at a public clinic in Gaborone, Botswana, in 2017.

METHODS

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at a public clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to assess the PALs and factors associated with physical activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Data were captured on Excel and exported to SPSS software version 25 for analysis. Chi-square test, Fischer's exact test and Pearson's moment correlation examined the relationship between participants' characteristics and their engagement in regular exercise.

RESULTS

The majority of the study participants had low PALs (54.7%). The results showed a non-significant negative correlation between age and PAL (r = -0.085) and between sitting time (sedentary time) and PAL (-0.098).

CONCLUSION

Most type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had low PALs. Health-promoting activities are needed to promote physical activity and thus prevent complications associated with physical inactivity.