埃塞俄比亚西北部本尚古勒-古马兹州曼杜拉县 Gumuz 人的物质使用情况及相关因素。
Substance use and associated factors among Gumuz people in Benishangul-Gumuz regional state, Mandura woreda, Northwest Ethiopia.
机构信息
Public Health Officer, Metekel Zone Health Department, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State Health Bureau, Asosa, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2019 Sep 3;14(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13011-019-0225-2.
BACKGROUND
Substance use related health and social problems are on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, substance abuse is one of the most burning public health problems in Ethiopia. Although it has been known that this public health problem is an urgent issue, the real extent and magnitude of substance abuse is not yet properly explored. The purpose of this study was to assess substance use and associated factors among Gumuz people in Mandura Woreda, northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A community based cross sectional study was conducted involving 1588 adults, recruited using multi stage stratified simple random sampling technique. The data were collected at the household level by using pre tested Standardized questionnaire of Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Oslo social support scale and substance use questionnaire. The data was entered and cleaned using Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 statistical package. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed to examine the prevalence and predictors of substance use. An Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance.
RESULT
The overall life time substance use prevalence in the current study was 25.9% (95% CI = 23.7, 28.0). The three-month prevalence of Alcohol and tobacco use was 48.4 and 15.8% respectively. The three-month prevalence of hazardous alcohol and tobacco use were 25.8 and 7.8% respectively. Able to read and write (AOR = 3.79; 95%CI 2.34-6.15) in educational status and Strong social support (AOR = 0.39; 95%CI 0.27-0.58) were significantly associated with substance use.
CONCLUSION
High level of substance use was detected in the current study setting. This high prevalence (three-month) of substance use affects the productive age groups which influence on the family and cause the rise of major public health and socio economic problems. The finding informed the need to integrate services for hazardous substance use such as brief intervention at different levels of primary care services in the district. Public health interventions to reduce hazardous substance especially on alcohol and smoking use also need to be initiate.
背景
物质使用相关的健康和社会问题在撒哈拉以南非洲呈上升趋势。目前，药物滥用是埃塞俄比亚最紧迫的公共卫生问题之一。尽管人们已经知道这个公共卫生问题是一个紧急问题，但药物滥用的真实程度和规模尚未得到适当的探索。本研究旨在评估 Gumuz 人在 Mandura Woreda 的物质使用情况及其相关因素，Mandura Woreda 位于埃塞俄比亚西北部。
方法
本研究采用基于社区的横断面研究，使用多阶段分层简单随机抽样技术招募了 1588 名成年人。数据是在家庭层面通过使用经过预测试的酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试（ASSIST）、奥斯陆社会支持量表和物质使用问卷收集的。数据使用 Epi Data 版本 3.1 输入和清理，并使用统计软件包（SPSS）版本 22 进行分析。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归来检查物质使用的流行率和预测因素。使用 95%置信区间的调整比值比来确定显著性水平。
结果
本研究中，总体终生物质使用流行率为 25.9%（95%CI=23.7，28.0）。酒精和烟草的三个月使用流行率分别为 48.4%和 15.8%。危险酒精和烟草的三个月使用流行率分别为 25.8%和 7.8%。读写能力（AOR=3.79；95%CI 2.34-6.15）和社会支持较强（AOR=0.39；95%CI 0.27-0.58）与物质使用显著相关。
结论
本研究发现，物质使用水平较高。这种高流行率（三个月）的物质使用影响了生产年龄组，影响了家庭，并导致了主要公共卫生和社会经济问题的增加。研究结果表明，需要在区一级的初级保健服务的不同层面整合危险物质使用的服务，如简短干预。还需要开展减少危险物质，特别是酒精和吸烟使用的公共卫生干预措施。
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