Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Demography. 2019 Oct;56(5):1607-1634. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00814-1.
This study examined differences in exposure to early childhood education among Mexican-origin children across Latino/a destinations. Early childhood educational enrollment patterns, which are highly sensitive to community resources and foundational components of long-term educational inequalities, can offer a valuable window into how destinations may be shaping incorporation among Mexican-origin families. Integrating data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort with county-level data from the decennial census, multilevel logistic regression models revealed that Mexican-origin, black, and white children had lower odds of enrollment in early childhood education programs if they lived in new Latino/a destinations versus established destinations. The negative association between new destinations and early childhood education enrollment persisted despite controls for household selectivity, state and local early childhood education contexts, Latino/a educational attainment, Latino-white residential segregation, and immigration enforcement agreements. Within the Mexican-origin subgroup, the enrollment gap between new and established destinations was widest among the least-acculturated families, as measured by parental nativity, duration of residence, citizenship status, and English proficiency. These findings highlight how both place and acculturation stratify outcomes within the large and growing Mexican-origin subset of the Latino/a population.
本研究考察了拉丁裔目的地之间墨西哥裔儿童早期儿童教育机会的差异。幼儿教育入学模式对社区资源和长期教育不平等的基础构成高度敏感，这为我们了解目的地如何塑造墨西哥裔家庭的融入提供了一个有价值的窗口。本研究将《儿童纵向研究-出生队列》的数据与十年一次的人口普查的县级数据相结合，使用多层次逻辑回归模型发现，如果墨西哥裔、黑人和白人儿童居住在新的拉丁裔目的地而不是已建立的目的地，他们接受幼儿教育计划的可能性就会降低。尽管控制了家庭选择性、州和地方幼儿教育环境、拉丁裔教育程度、拉丁裔-白人居住隔离以及移民执法协议，但新目的地与幼儿教育入学之间的负相关关系仍然存在。在墨西哥裔亚群中，新目的地和已建立目的地之间的入学差距在文化程度最低的家庭中最大，这是通过父母的出生地、居住时间、公民身份和英语水平来衡量的。这些发现强调了地点和文化适应如何在拉丁裔人口中不断增长的庞大的墨西哥裔亚群中划分结果。
