Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brasil.
Prefeitura Municipal de São Leopoldo, São Leopoldo, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2019 Aug 29;35(8):e00144618. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00144618.
The objective of this study was to explore relationships between the neighborhood food environment and obesity in urban women living in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out. This study was conducted with 1,096 women. Structured interviews were conducted using a standard pre-tested questionnaire. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30kg/m2. Circular buffers of 400m in radius were created based on the centroid of the women's houses who participated, in the 45 census tracts inhabited by them. Neighborhood food establishments were identified through systematic survey of all streets in the study areas and geographical coordinates of shops were collected. Establishments were evaluated using the NEMS tool. The prevalence of obesity was 33% among the women participants. After adjusting for individual variables, supermarkets and healthy food establishments were positively associated with obesity, PR = 1.05 (95%CI: 1.01-1.10), PR = 1.02 (95%CI: 1.00-1.04), respectively, while mean buffer income was negatively associated, PR = 0.64 (95%CI: 0.49-0.83). Neighborhood food environment factors were associated with obesity even after controlled for individual variables, as socioeconomic variables, behavioral and food purchase.
本研究旨在探讨巴西南里奥格兰德州城市女性的社区食物环境与肥胖之间的关系。采用横断面调查方法，对 1096 名女性进行了研究。采用标准的预测试问卷进行了结构化访谈。肥胖定义为体重指数（BMI）≥30kg/m2。根据参与研究的女性所在房屋的质心，创建了半径为 400 米的圆形缓冲区，这些女性居住在 45 个普查区。通过对研究区域内所有街道的系统调查确定了社区内的食品店，并收集了商店的地理坐标。使用 NEMS 工具对这些商店进行了评估。在参与研究的女性中，肥胖的患病率为 33%。在校正了个体变量后，超市和健康食品店与肥胖呈正相关，PR=1.05（95%CI：1.01-1.10），PR=1.02（95%CI：1.00-1.04），而缓冲区平均收入与肥胖呈负相关，PR=0.64（95%CI：0.49-0.83）。即使在控制了个体变量（如社会经济变量、行为和食物购买）后，社区食物环境因素仍与肥胖有关。
