Sharman Melanie J, Lyth Anna, Jose Kim A, Ragaini Bruna Silva, Blizzard Leigh, Johnston Fay H, Peterson Corey, Palmer Andrew J, Cleland Verity J
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
RED Sustainability Consultants, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2020 Sep;31(3):504-517. doi: 10.1002/hpja.292. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
Public transport (PT) users typically accumulate more physical activity (PA) than motor vehicle users. This mixed methods study aimed to determine acceptability and perceived effectiveness of strategies to increase bus use for PA gain in a regional Australian setting.
In a 2017 online survey, Tasmanian adults (n = 1091) rated the likelihood of increasing their bus use according to ten hypothetical strategies (fare-, incentives-, information- or infrastructure-based). Three focus groups and five interviews (n = 31) included infrequent bus users from the survey to determine reasons for strategy preferences and potential impact on PA.
The top three strategies in the survey, with supporting rationale from qualitative data, were: provision of real-time bus information ("…because I can better plan…"); bus-only lanes ("…it just speeds the whole thing up…") and employee incentives/rewards for example bus fare credits ("…it really comes down to money…"). Full-time students favoured cost-saving strategies most and residents in outer suburbs favoured infrastructure-based strategies most. Qualitative data indicated that potential for enhanced certainty, efficiency or cost-savings drove strategy preferences and some strategies may lead to PA gain (eg through the location of Park and Ride facilities).
Real-time information, bus-only lanes and employee incentives/rewards appear most promising for increasing bus use in this population, but tailoring strategies may be required. Discrete PT enhancement strategies may result in PA gain. SO WHAT?: Increasing PA through transport behaviour has been underexplored. The potential for PA gain through greater PT use and discrete PT use enhancement strategies is an important public health consideration.
公共交通（PT）使用者通常比机动车使用者积累更多的身体活动（PA）。这项混合方法研究旨在确定在澳大利亚地区环境中增加乘坐公交车以获得身体活动收益的策略的可接受性和感知有效性。
在2017年的一项在线调查中，塔斯马尼亚州的成年人（n = 1091）根据十种假设策略（基于票价、激励措施、信息或基础设施）对增加公交车使用的可能性进行了评分。三个焦点小组和五次访谈（n = 31）包括了调查中不常乘坐公交车的使用者，以确定策略偏好的原因以及对身体活动的潜在影响。
调查中排名前三的策略，并得到定性数据支持的理由是：提供实时公交信息（“……因为我可以更好地规划……”）；公交专用道（“……这只是加快了整个过程……”）以及员工激励/奖励，例如公交票价积分（“……这真的归结于钱……”）。全日制学生最喜欢节省成本的策略，而郊区居民最喜欢基于基础设施的策略。定性数据表明，提高确定性、效率或节省成本的潜力推动了策略偏好，并且一些策略可能会带来身体活动收益（例如通过设置停车换乘设施的位置）。
实时信息、公交专用道和员工激励/奖励对于增加该人群的公交车使用似乎最有前景，但可能需要量身定制策略。离散的公共交通改善策略可能会带来身体活动收益。那又如何？：通过交通行为增加身体活动尚未得到充分探索。通过更多地使用公共交通和离散的公共交通使用增强策略来增加身体活动收益的潜力是一个重要的公共卫生考虑因素。
