College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China.
Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222, United States of America.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 20;697:134146. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134146. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
Phytoremediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) appears to be a green remediation technique. To understand distribution of PFAS in plant-soil-water systems, eight perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) at three different concentrations were spiked to Juncus effusus grown in a greenhouse for 21 days. Results from this study demonstrated that mass-based plant uptake of PFAAs correlated positively with concentrations and time. On the basis of removal percentages, the higher the initial PFAA concentrations, the less removal by plant was observed. With the low level of PFAA spike, J. effusus roots and shoots accumulated 30-40% of PFAAs (C4 to C8) except PFOS with a lower uptake of approximately 20%. Together with soil sorption, >82.8% of PFAAs were removed from the aqueous solution in 21 days. Uptake of PFAAs also depended on their carbon chain length and plant compartments (roots or shoots). This dependence resulted in different bioaccumulation factors and translocation factors for different PFAAs. Besides physical and chemical distribution, PFAAs, especially those added at the high level led to significant change of soil bacterial communities in terms of composition and structure. Potential impact to the community's functions warrants further investigations.
植物修复似乎是一种绿色的修复技术，可用于去除全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）。为了了解 PFAS 在植物-土壤-水系统中的分布，将 8 种不同浓度的全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）添加到温室中生长的灯芯草（Juncus effusus）中 21 天。本研究结果表明，基于质量的 PFAAs 植物吸收与浓度和时间呈正相关。根据去除百分比，初始 PFAA 浓度越高，植物去除的效果越差。在低水平的 PFAA 浓度下，J. effusus 的根和茎积累了 30-40%的 PFAAs（C4 到 C8），除了 PFOS 的吸收量约为 20%。与土壤吸附一起，在 21 天内从水溶液中去除了超过 82.8%的 PFAAs。PFAAs 的吸收还取决于其碳链长度和植物部位（根或茎）。这种依赖性导致了不同 PFAAs 的生物积累因子和迁移因子不同。除了物理和化学分布外，PFAA，尤其是那些高浓度添加的 PFAA，会导致土壤细菌群落的组成和结构发生显著变化。对群落功能的潜在影响需要进一步研究。
