Riepl R, Hoffmann T K, Goldberg-Bockhorn E, Richter P, Reiter R
Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Deutschland.
Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Hand‑, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland.
HNO. 2019 Oct;67(10):801-814. doi: 10.1007/s00106-019-00738-7.
Dysphagia is a common symptom and can be indicative of a variety of heterogeneous diseases. "Classical" diseases of the head and neck region, such as acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscesses, diverticula, and benign or malignant tumors are common causes of dysphagia. However, it can also occur in the context of neurological diseases, e.g., as a result of stroke or as an age-related phenomenon (presbyphagia). Pathologies of the cervical spine can also be a cause of dysphagia. In this context, congenital or acquired diseases, inflammatory or degenerative processes, cervical spine surgery, and (malignant) masses of the cervical spine should be taken into account. Particular dysphagia with a positive history of previous operative interventions on the cervical spine or symptoms such as chronic back pain and trauma should give rise to consideration of a cervical spine-related cause.
吞咽困难是一种常见症状，可能提示多种不同类型的疾病。头颈部区域的“典型”疾病，如急性扁桃体炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、憩室以及良性或恶性肿瘤，是吞咽困难的常见原因。然而，它也可能发生在神经系统疾病的情况下，例如中风的结果或作为一种与年龄相关的现象（老年吞咽困难）。颈椎病变也可能是吞咽困难的原因。在这种情况下，应考虑先天性或后天性疾病、炎症或退行性病变、颈椎手术以及颈椎的（恶性）肿块。既往有颈椎手术史且伴有特定吞咽困难，或有慢性背痛和创伤等症状，应考虑与颈椎相关的病因。
