Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage, UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Université de Tours , Poitiers, Tours , France.
UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, CHRU de Tours, Inserm , Tours , France.
Memory. 2019 Nov;27(10):1404-1414. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2019.1662053. Epub 2019 Sep 5.
Intrusive traumatic recollections suggest an inability in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) to control and notably to inhibit memories for trauma-related information. Supported by inhibitory deficits found on experimental settings in PTSD, memory functioning and memory biases in the disorder were usually explained through inhibitory and control deficits in the processing of trauma-related information. The present study aimed to directly assess this hypothesis by investigating memory control abilities for emotional information in PTSD. For this purpose, 34 patients diagnosed with PTSD were compared to 37 non-PTSD controls on an item-cued directed forgetting paradigm for emotional words combined with a Remember/Know recognition procedure. Results revealed enhanced amounts of Remember recognitions for trauma-related words in PTSD. Moreover, we replicated findings of memory control impairments in the disorder. However, such impairments only occurred for non-trauma-related words. Accordingly, it appeared that PTSD patients presented preserved memory control abilities for trauma-related words, at the expenses of other emotional valences. Surprisingly, PTSD patients presented a preserved ability to control and notably to inhibit their memory functioning for trauma-related material. In addition to potential theoretical and clinical relevance, these results are discussed in the light of resource reallocation hypotheses and vigilant-avoidant theories of information processing in PTSD.
侵入性创伤性回忆表明创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）无法控制，特别是无法抑制与创伤相关信息的记忆。在 PTSD 的实验环境中发现了抑制缺陷的支持下，该障碍的记忆功能和记忆偏差通常通过处理与创伤相关信息的抑制和控制缺陷来解释。本研究旨在通过直接评估 PTSD 中情绪信息的记忆控制能力来检验这一假设。为此，在情绪单词的项目提示定向遗忘范式上，将 34 名被诊断为 PTSD 的患者与 37 名非 PTSD 对照进行了比较，并结合了 Remember/Know 识别程序。结果表明，PTSD 患者对与创伤相关的单词的 Remember 识别量增加。此外，我们在该障碍中复制了记忆控制受损的发现。然而，这种损伤仅发生在与创伤无关的单词上。因此，似乎 PTSD 患者对与创伤相关的单词保持了良好的记忆控制能力，而牺牲了其他情绪。令人惊讶的是，PTSD 患者在控制和明显抑制与创伤相关材料的记忆功能方面表现出良好的能力。除了潜在的理论和临床意义外，这些结果还根据 PTSD 中信息处理的资源重新分配假说和警惕回避理论进行了讨论。
