Pangmekeh Pepanze Jill, Awolu Mbunka Muhamed, Gustave Simo, Gladys Tayong, Cumber Samuel Nambile
University of Dschang, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dschang, Cameroon.
Regional Coordinator For the Fight Against HIV/AIDS North West Region, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Jun 6;33:87. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.87.15574. eCollection 2019.
The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the treatment of HIV infection has provided different good results: like long-term viral suppression, the decrease of opportunistic infections, and repair of the immune system.
We carried out a hospital-based cross-sectional analytic study involving 315 participants 228 were on HAART (group 1) and 87 were HAART-naïve (group 2) at the HIV treatment centre of the Bamenda regional hospital with our study population being all people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the North West region of Cameroon. The sampling was performed from the 15 of March to the 30 of June 2017. The questionnaire was administered face to face with participants and their vital signs taken. Blood pressure was measured using an automated electronic blood pressure monitor and hypertension (HTN) was considered as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90mmHg.
The prevalence of hypertension in the HAART group was 36.44% (n=82, CI: 30.15%-43.10%) compared to that of the HAART-naïve group which was 13.33% (n=12, CI: 7.08%-22.13%, P=0.01). HAART was associated with HTN after controlling for gender, family history of hypertension, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol consumption. The odds ratio of the HAART-treated versus the HAART-naïve was 3.86 (95% CI: 1.98-7.50). We also found an association between TDF/3TC/EFV (OR=2.83), AZT/3TC/NVP (OR=2.82), AZT/3TC+EFV (OR=3.48) and TDF/3TC+NVP (OR=2.36) and HTN whereas those on AZT+3TC+ATV/r (OR=0.84) and TDF+3TC+ATV/r (OR=0.45) were not associated to hypertension.
Our result suggests that blood pressure should be periodically measured and treated when necessary in PLWHIV on HAART.
高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）应用于HIV感染治疗已取得不同的良好效果，如长期病毒抑制、机会性感染减少及免疫系统修复。
我们在巴门达地区医院的HIV治疗中心开展了一项基于医院的横断面分析研究，涉及315名参与者，其中228人接受HAART治疗（第1组），87人未接受HAART治疗（第2组），研究人群为喀麦隆西北地区所有HIV感染者（PLWHIV）。抽样时间为2017年3月15日至6月30日。与参与者面对面发放问卷并测量其生命体征。使用自动电子血压计测量血压，高血压（HTN）定义为收缩压（BP）≥140 mmHg和/或舒张压BP≥90 mmHg。
HAART组高血压患病率为36.44%（n = 82，CI：30.15% - 43.10%），未接受HAART治疗组为13.33%（n = 12，CI：7.08% - 22.13%，P = 0.01）。在控制性别、高血压家族史、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和饮酒因素后，HAART与高血压相关。接受HAART治疗者与未接受HAART治疗者的比值比为3.86（95%CI：1.98 - 7.50）。我们还发现替诺福韦/拉米夫定/依非韦伦（OR = 2.83）、齐多夫定/拉米夫定/奈韦拉平（OR = 2.82）、齐多夫定/拉米夫定 + 依非韦伦（OR = 3.48）和替诺福韦/拉米夫定 + 奈韦拉平（OR = 2.36）与高血压有关，而接受齐多夫定 + 拉米夫定 + 阿扎那韦/利托那韦（OR = 0.84）和替诺福韦 + 拉米夫定 + 阿扎那韦/利托那韦（OR = 0.45）治疗者与高血压无关。
我们的结果表明，接受HAART治疗的PLWHIV应定期测量血压，并在必要时进行治疗。
