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神经周围侵犯是非转移性结肠癌的预后因素,但不是预测因素。

Perineural Invasion Is a Prognostic but not a Predictive Factor in Nonmetastatic Colon Cancer.

机构信息

Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2019 Oct;62(10):1212-1221. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001450.

DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001450
PMID:31490830
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Perineural invasion is associated with adverse oncological outcomes in colorectal cancer. However, data regarding the prognostic and predictive impact in colon cancer are scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to clarify the role of perineural invasion in patients with nonmetastatic colon cancer.

DESIGN

This study is a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database.

SETTINGS

This study took place at a tertiary medical center.

PATIENTS

Patients with stage I to III colon cancer who underwent elective surgery at our tertiary center between 2004 and 2015 (n = 1145) were included.

MEAN OUTCOME MEASURES

The primary long-term outcomes include disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival. Differences were determined by multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for stage and potential confounders.

RESULTS

Perineural invasion was identified in 215 patients (18.8%) and associated with emergency procedures, male sex, and advanced disease. Histopathological features including lymphatic and extramural vascular invasion, poor differentiation, and infiltrating tumor borders were correlated with perineural invasion. Compared with patients with perineural invasion-negative tumors, patients who had perineural invasion-positive tumors had worse disease-free, overall, and disease-specific survival (all p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with perineural invasion-positive node-negative disease had worse overall survival than patients with perineural invasion-negative node-positive disease (p < 0.001). After adjustment, perineural invasion remained significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03-2.03; p = 0.033), worse overall survival (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.33-2.31; p < 0.001), and worse disease-specific survival (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.00-2.30; p = 0.048). However, we did not find a significant predictive response with adjuvant chemotherapy in perineural invasion-positive node-negative tumors (HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 0.80-5.51; p = 0.122). The predictive value was only demonstrated in stage III disease with a significant impaired overall survival in patients with perineural invasion-positive tumors who did not receive adjuvant therapy (HR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.13-0.40; p < 0.001).

LIMITATIONS

This study was limited by its retrospective design.

CONCLUSION

Our study confirms the prognostic value of perineural invasion in stage I to II and III colon cancer. However, patients with node-negative disease and perineural invasion did not significantly benefit from adjuvant therapy. More information regarding postoperative treatment in node-negative perineural invasion-positive colon cancer is required. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A988. LA INVASIÓN PERINEURAL COMO FACTOR PRONÓSTICO NO PREDICTIVO EN EL CÁNCER DE COLON NO METASTÁSICO: La invasión perineural se encuentra asociada a resultados oncológicos adversos en casos de cáncer colorrectal. Sin embargo, los datos sobre el impacto pronóstico y predictivo en caso de cáncer de colon son pocos.

OBJETIVO

Definir el papel de la invasión perineural en pacientes con cáncer de colon no metastásico. DISEÑO:: Revisión retrospectiva de una base de datos alimentada prospectivamente.

AJUSTES

Centro hospitalario de atención terciaria.

PACIENTES

Todos aquellos portadores de un cáncer de colon estadío I-III que se sometieron a cirugía electiva en nuestro centro entre 2004-2015 (n = 1145).

PRINCIPALES RESULTADOS

Los resultados a largo plazo incluyeron la supervivencia sin enfermedad, la supervivencia específica de la enfermedad y la supervivencia general. Las diferencias se determinaron mediante modelos de regresión multivariantes de Cox, ajustados para el control de factores de confusión durante el análisis por estratificación.

RESULTADOS

La invasión perineural fué identificada en 215 pacientes (18.8%) y se la asoció con procedimientos de emergencia, al género masculino y a la enfermedad avanzada. Las características histopatológicas que incluyeron la invasión vascular linfática y extramural, la diferenciación deficiente y los bordes tumorales infiltrantes se correlacionaron con la invasión perineural. Comparativamente con los tumores sin invasión perineural, los pacientes positivos a la invasión perineural tuvieron una peor supervivencia general, libre y específica de la enfermedad (todos p < 0.001). Asimismo, aquellos pacientes con invasion-perineural con ganglios negativos tuvieron una supervivencia global mucho peor que aquellos pacientes con ganglios positivos e invasión perineural negativa (p < 0.001). Después del ajuste, la invasión perineural se asoció significativamente con una peor supervivencia sin la enfermedad (HR, 1.45; IC 95%, 1.03-2.03; p = 0.033), supervivencia general (HR, 1.75; IC 95%, 1.33-2.31; p <0.001), así como con una peor supervivencia específica de la enfermedad (HR, 1.52; IC 95%, 1.00-2.30; p = 0.048). Sin embargo, no encontramos una respuesta predictiva significativa con quimioterapia adyuvante en los tumores acompañados de invasion-perineural con ganglios negativos (HR, 2.10; IC del 95%, 0.80-5.51; p = 0.122). El valor predictivo solo fué demostrado en aquellos casos de estadio III con un deterioro significativo de la supervivencia global en pacientes con tumores perineurales positivos a la invasión y que no recibieron tratamiento adyuvante (HR, 0.23; IC 95%, 0.13-0.40; p < 0.001).

LIMITACIONES

Diseño retrospectivo. CONCLUSIÓN:: Nuestros resultados confirman el valor pronóstico de la invasión perineural en el cáncer de colon estadios I-II y III. Sin embargo, los pacientes con enfermedad ganglionar negativa e invasión perineural no se beneficiaron significativamente de la terapia adyuvante. Se requiere más información sobre el tratamiento postoperatorio en el cáncer de colon positivo para la invasión perineural con ganglios negativos. Vea el Resumen del video en http://links.lww.com/DCR/A988.

摘要

背景

神经周围侵犯与结直肠癌的不良肿瘤学结局相关。然而,关于在结肠癌中具有预后和预测影响的数据却很少。

目的

本研究旨在阐明非转移性结肠癌患者中神经周围侵犯的作用。

设计

这是一项回顾性的、基于前瞻性维护的数据库研究。

设置

本研究在一个三级医疗中心进行。

患者

纳入了 2004 年至 2015 年在我们的三级中心接受择期手术的 I 期至 III 期结肠癌患者(n=1145)。

主要结局指标

主要的长期结局包括无病生存率、疾病特异性生存率和总生存率。通过多变量 Cox 回归模型来确定差异,这些模型在分析时针对分期和潜在混杂因素进行了调整。

结果

1145 例患者中有 215 例(18.8%)存在神经周围侵犯,其与急诊手术、男性和晚期疾病相关。淋巴和血管外侵犯、分化不良和浸润性肿瘤边界等组织病理学特征与神经周围侵犯相关。与神经周围侵犯阴性肿瘤的患者相比,神经周围侵犯阳性肿瘤的患者无病生存率、总生存率和疾病特异性生存率均较差(均 p<0.001)。此外,神经周围侵犯阳性且淋巴结阴性的患者的总生存率明显低于神经周围侵犯阴性且淋巴结阳性的患者(p<0.001)。调整后,神经周围侵犯仍与无病生存率(HR,1.45;95%CI,1.03-2.03;p=0.033)、总生存率(HR,1.75;95%CI,1.33-2.31;p<0.001)和疾病特异性生存率(HR,1.52;95%CI,1.00-2.30;p=0.048)显著相关。然而,我们并未发现神经周围侵犯阳性且淋巴结阴性的肿瘤患者接受辅助化疗具有显著的预测反应(HR,2.10;95%CI,0.80-5.51;p=0.122)。该预测价值仅在 III 期疾病中表现出来,在未接受辅助治疗的神经周围侵犯阳性肿瘤患者中,其总生存率显著降低(HR,0.23;95%CI,0.13-0.40;p<0.001)。

局限性

本研究受到其回顾性设计的限制。

结论

本研究证实了神经周围侵犯在 I 期至 II 期和 III 期结肠癌中的预后价值。然而,淋巴结阴性且存在神经周围侵犯的患者并未从辅助治疗中显著获益。需要更多关于淋巴结阴性且神经周围侵犯阳性结肠癌患者术后治疗的信息。请观看视频摘要,网址为 http://links.lww.com/DCR/A988。

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