Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health; School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (Dr Li); Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (Dr Li); Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Leineweber and Dr Nyberg); Work Stress Research, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (Dr Siegrist).
J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Nov;61(11):898-904. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001696.
The aim of this study was to test nonsymmetric effects of cost/gain imbalance at work on depression, based on the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model.
Study participants were derived from two large national studies from Germany and Sweden. Associations between the ERI scales, including the effort-reward (E-R) ratio in 2016 and depression (in 2016 for German sample, and in 2018 for Swedish sample) were examined by multivariable logistic regression.
In both samples, high cost/low gain, but not low cost/high gain, is associated with depression, with a 3- to 5-fold elevated risk in the highest decile of the E-R ratio.
The short version of the ERI questionnaire is a psychometrically useful tool for epidemiological research. The finding demonstrating nonsymmetric effects of cost/gain imbalance contributes to a theoretical clarification of this stress-theoretical model.
本研究旨在基于工作投入回报失衡（ERI）模型检验成本/收益失衡的非对称效应对抑郁的影响。
研究参与者来自德国和瑞典的两项大型全国性研究。通过多变量逻辑回归检验 ERI 量表（包括 2016 年的努力-回报（E-R）比值）与抑郁之间的关联，德国样本的抑郁发生在 2016 年，瑞典样本的抑郁发生在 2018 年。
在两个样本中，高成本/低收益，而不是低成本/高收益，与抑郁相关，E-R 比值最高十分位数的风险增加 3 至 5 倍。
ERI 问卷的简短版本是一种具有心理测量学效用的流行病学研究工具。该研究结果表明，成本/收益失衡的非对称效应有助于对这一压力理论模型进行理论上的澄清。
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