Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Jul 26;123(4):041801. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.041801.
When are two collider events similar? Despite the simplicity and generality of this question, there is no established notion of the distance between two events. To address this question, we develop a metric for the space of collider events based on the earth mover's distance: the "work" required to rearrange the radiation pattern of one event into another. We expose interesting connections between this metric and the structure of infrared- and collinear-safe observables, providing a novel technique to quantify event modifications due to hadronization, pileup, and detector effects. We showcase how this metrization unlocks powerful new tools for analyzing and visualizing collider data without relying upon a choice of observables. More broadly, this framework paves the way for data-driven collider phenomenology without specialized observables or machine learning models.
当两个对撞事件相似时？尽管这个问题简单而普遍，但目前还没有确定两个事件之间的距离的概念。为了解决这个问题，我们基于 earth mover's distance 开发了一种对撞事件空间的度量方法：即“将一个事件的辐射模式重新排列到另一个事件中所需的工作”。我们揭示了这种度量方法与红外和共线安全可观测量结构之间的有趣联系，为由于强子化、堆积和探测器效应引起的事件修改提供了一种新的量化技术。我们展示了这种度量方法如何为分析和可视化对撞机数据解锁强大的新工具，而无需依赖可观测量的选择。更广泛地说，这个框架为无需专门可观测量或机器学习模型的数据驱动对撞机现象学铺平了道路。
