Medina-Gómez P, Espinosa de los Monteros A, Belmont J, Martínez E
Department of Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, México, D.F.
J Perinat Med. 1988;16(5-6):477-84. doi: 10.1515/jpme.1988.16.5-6.477.
Amniotic fluid cells have been widely used in prenatal diagnosis; however, there is great heterogeneity of the cells and their origin. In this study we analyze the karyotype and release of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS), free estriol (E 3), prolactin (PRL) and progesterone (P) of amniotic fluid cells from primary cultures of six normal and two anencephalic fetuses. In all the amniotic fluid samples there was release of hCG; in one amniotic fluid, in which several tetraploid colonies were found. PRL and P were also released. The heterogeneity of amniotic fluid cell morphology and their hormone release in culture was confirmed. The presence of hormones like hCG supports the trophoblastic origin of some amniotic fluid cells from normal and anencephalic fetuses. Other hormones, such as PRL and P could be used in the differential diagnosis between the karyotype of fetal membranes and the true fetal karyotype. Amniotic fluid cell cultures used in prenatal diagnosis yielded second trimester placental cells without any elaborate methods that could be used as cell models for hormone studies.
羊水细胞已广泛应用于产前诊断；然而，这些细胞及其来源具有很大的异质性。在本研究中，我们分析了来自6例正常胎儿和2例无脑儿胎儿原代培养的羊水细胞的核型以及人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）、人绒毛膜生长催乳素（hCS）、游离雌三醇（E3）、催乳素（PRL）和孕酮（P）的释放情况。在所有羊水样本中均有hCG释放；在一份羊水中发现了几个四倍体集落。PRL和P也有释放。证实了羊水细胞形态及其在培养中激素释放的异质性。hCG等激素的存在支持了正常和无脑儿胎儿的一些羊水细胞来源于滋养层。其他激素，如PRL和P可用于胎膜核型与真正胎儿核型的鉴别诊断。产前诊断中使用的羊水细胞培养无需任何复杂方法即可获得孕中期胎盘细胞，可作为激素研究的细胞模型。
