Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece.
Department of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1178:227-245. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_12.
The cytoskeleton consists of filamentous protein polymers that form organized structures, contributing to a multitude of cell life aspects. It includes three types of polymers: the actin microfilaments, the microtubules and the intermediate filaments. Decades of research have implicated the cytoskeleton in processes that regulate cellular and organismal aging, as well as neurodegeneration associated with injury or neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or Charcot Marie Tooth disease. Here, we provide a brief overview of cytoskeletal structure and function, and discuss experimental evidence linking cytoskeletal function and dynamics with aging and neurodegeneration.
细胞骨架由丝状蛋白聚合物组成，这些聚合物形成有组织的结构，对细胞生命的多个方面都有贡献。它包括三种类型的聚合物：肌动蛋白微丝、微管和中间丝。几十年来的研究表明，细胞骨架与调节细胞和生物体衰老的过程有关，也与与损伤或神经退行性疾病相关的神经退行性变有关，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症或夏科-马里-图病。在这里，我们简要概述了细胞骨架的结构和功能，并讨论了将细胞骨架功能和动力学与衰老和神经退行性变联系起来的实验证据。
