Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 221 Academy St., Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
ChemSusChem. 2019 Nov 8;12(21):4780-4785. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201901838. Epub 2019 Sep 30.
Currently, lubricant base oils are derived from petroleum, a nonrenewable feedstock that contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Bioderived, renewable lubricant base oils can mitigate environmental challenges and offer superior cold flow properties by incorporating branches to the base oil's hydrocarbon backbone with an appropriate synthetic strategy. A strategy was developed to synthesize branched alkanes for lubricant base oil in two steps from 12-tricosanone, obtained from bioderived fatty acids, and furfural, obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. The reaction pathway involves carbon-carbon coupling through aldol condensation followed by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Various solvents (non-polar, aprotic and polar, protic) and reaction conditions were screened to achieve a maximum yield of 94.3 % of aldol condensation products, containing the majority of a C furan (79.5 %) followed by a C furan (14.8 %). Subsequent HDO of aldol condensation products over an Ir-ReO /SiO catalyst produced lubricant-ranged branched alkanes (C and C ) with 61.4 % yield and small fractions (<11 %) of alkanes with carbon numbers between C and C . The viscous properties of the produced bio-lubricant base oil were comparable to commercial petroleum-derived Group III and Group IV base oils. This approach serves as a potential stepping-stone to replace petroleumderived base oils and, in turn, reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with current lubricant production.
目前，润滑剂基础油来源于不可再生的石油原料，这导致了温室气体的排放。生物衍生的可再生润滑剂基础油可以通过在基础油的碳氢主链中引入支链来减轻环境挑战，并提供卓越的低温流动性能，采用适当的合成策略。已经开发出了一种两步法策略，从生物衍生的脂肪酸得到的 12-二十三烷酮和木质纤维素生物质得到的糠醛出发，合成用于润滑剂基础油的支链烷烃。该反应途径通过羟醛缩合进行碳-碳偶联，然后进行加氢脱氧（HDO）。筛选了各种溶剂（非极性、非质子和极性、质子）和反应条件，以实现最大收率为 94.3%的羟醛缩合产物，其中包含大多数 C-呋喃（79.5%）和少量的 C-呋喃（14.8%）。随后，在 Ir-ReO/SiO 催化剂上对羟醛缩合产物进行 HDO，生成了具有 61.4%收率的润滑剂范围内的支链烷烃（C 和 C ），以及碳数在 C 和 C 之间的烷烃的小部分（<11%）。所生产的生物润滑剂基础油的粘性特性可与商业石油衍生的 III 族和 IV 族基础油相媲美。这种方法可以作为替代石油衍生基础油的潜在垫脚石，从而减少与当前润滑剂生产相关的温室气体排放。
