室管膜下区神经前体细胞在卒中康复中的作用。
Functions of subventricular zone neural precursor cells in stroke recovery.
机构信息
Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Behav Brain Res. 2019 Dec 30;376:112209. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112209. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
The proliferation and ectopic migration of neural precursor cells (NPCs) in response to ischemic brain injury was first reported two decades ago. Since then, studies of brain injury-induced subventricular zone cytogenesis, primarily in rodent models, have provided insight into the cellular and molecular determinants of this phenomenon and its modulation by various factors. However, despite considerable correlational evidence-and some direct evidence-to support contributions of NPCs to behavioral recovery after stroke, the causal mechanisms have not been identified. Here we discuss the subventricular zone cytogenic response and its possible roles in brain injury and disease, focusing on rodent models of stroke. Emerging evidence suggests that NPCs can modulate harmful responses and enhance reparative responses to neurologic diseases. We speculatively identify four broad functions of NPCs in the context of stroke: cell replacement, cytoprotection, remodeling of residual tissue, and immunomodulation. Thus, NPCs may have pleiotropic functions in supporting behavioral recovery after stroke.
二十年前首次报道了神经前体细胞（NPC）在缺血性脑损伤后的增殖和异位迁移。此后，对脑损伤诱导的侧脑室下区细胞发生的研究，主要在啮齿动物模型中，深入了解了这一现象的细胞和分子决定因素及其受各种因素的调节。然而，尽管有大量相关性证据——甚至一些直接证据——支持 NPC 对中风后行为恢复的贡献，但尚未确定其因果机制。在这里，我们讨论了侧脑室下区细胞发生反应及其在脑损伤和疾病中的可能作用，重点是中风的啮齿动物模型。新出现的证据表明，NPC 可以调节有害反应并增强对神经疾病的修复反应。我们推测 NPC 在中风的情况下具有四个广泛的功能：细胞替代、细胞保护、残留组织重塑和免疫调节。因此，NPC 可能在中风后支持行为恢复方面具有多种功能。
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