BOA, INRA, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
UMR PRC, INRA 85, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
J Proteomics. 2019 Oct 30;209:103511. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103511. Epub 2019 Sep 5.
The Guinea fowl eggshell is a bioceramic material with the remarkable mechanical property of being twice as strong as the chicken eggshell. Both eggshells are composed of 95% calcite and 3.5% organic matrix, which control its structural organization. Chicken eggshell is made of columnar calcite crystals arranged vertically. In the Guinea fowl, the same structure is observed in its inner half, followed by a dramatic change in crystal size and orientation in the outer region. Guinea fowl eggshell is thicker than chicken eggshell. Both structure and shell thickness confer a superior resistance to breakage compared to eggshells of other bird species. To understand the underlying mechanisms controlling the structural organization of this highly resistant material, we used quantitative proteomics to analyze the protein composition of the Guinea fowl eggshell organic matrix at key stages of the biomineralization process. We identified 149 proteins, which were compared to other bird eggshell proteomes and analyzed their potential functions. Among the 149 proteins, 9 are unique to Guinea fowl, some are involved in the control of the calcite precipitation (Lysozyme, Ovocleidin-17-like, Ovocleidin-116 and Ovalbumin), 61 are only found in the zone of microstructure shift and 17 are more abundant in this zone. SIGNIFICANCE: The avian eggshell is a critical physical barrier to protect the contents of this autonomous reproductive enclosure from physical and microbial assault. The Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) eggshell exhibits a unique microstructure (texture), which confers exceptional mechanical properties compared to eggshells of other species. In order to understand the mechanisms that regulate formation of this texture in the Guinea fowl eggshell, we performed comparative quantitative proteomics at key stages of shell mineralization and particularly during the dramatic shift in shell microstructure. We demonstrate that the Guinea fowl eggshell proteome comprises 149 proteins, of which 61 were specifically associated with the change in size and orientation of calcite crystals. Comparative proteomics analysis with eggshell of other bird species leads to new insights into the biomineralization process. Moreover, our data represents a list of organic compounds as potential additives to regulate material design for industrial fabrication of ceramics. This information also provides molecular markers for efficient genomic selection of chicken strains to lay eggs with improved shell mechanical properties for enhanced food safety.
珍珠鸡蛋壳是一种生物陶瓷材料，其机械性能显著，强度是鸡蛋壳的两倍。两种蛋壳都由 95%的方解石和 3.5%的有机基质组成，控制着它们的结构组织。鸡蛋壳由垂直排列的柱状方解石晶体组成。在珍珠鸡中，同样的结构在其内部一半观察到，然后在外部区域晶体大小和方向发生急剧变化。珍珠鸡蛋壳比鸡蛋壳厚。与其他鸟类的蛋壳相比，这种结构和蛋壳厚度赋予了蛋壳更高的抗破裂能力。为了了解控制这种高抗性材料结构组织的潜在机制，我们使用定量蛋白质组学技术分析了生物矿化过程关键阶段珍珠鸡蛋壳有机基质的蛋白质组成。我们鉴定了 149 种蛋白质，将其与其他鸟类蛋壳蛋白质组进行了比较，并分析了它们的潜在功能。在 149 种蛋白质中，有 9 种是珍珠鸡特有的，有些参与了方解石沉淀的控制（溶菌酶、卵黏蛋白-17 样、卵黏蛋白-116 和卵白蛋白），61 种只存在于微观结构转变区，17 种在该区域更丰富。意义：禽蛋壳是保护这个自主生殖外壳内容物免受物理和微生物攻击的关键物理屏障。珍珠鸡（Numida meleagris）蛋壳具有独特的微观结构（质地），与其他物种的蛋壳相比，具有非凡的机械性能。为了了解调节珍珠鸡蛋壳这种质地形成的机制，我们在蛋壳矿化的关键阶段，特别是在蛋壳微观结构剧烈变化时，进行了比较定量蛋白质组学研究。我们证明，珍珠鸡蛋壳蛋白质组由 149 种蛋白质组成，其中 61 种蛋白质专门与方解石晶体大小和方向的变化有关。与其他鸟类蛋壳的比较蛋白质组学分析为生物矿化过程提供了新的见解。此外，我们的数据代表了一组有机化合物作为潜在添加剂，用于调节陶瓷工业制造的材料设计。这些信息还为通过基因组选择高效地培育具有改善蛋壳机械性能的鸡品种提供了分子标记，以提高食品安全。
