Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN; Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN.
J Pediatr. 2019 Nov;214:187-192.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.07.035. Epub 2019 Sep 5.
To study the change in body mass index (BMI) from childhood and adolescence and development of obesity into adulthood.
We performed a longitudinal study of 480 individuals (49% male; 67% white) with height and weight measures in childhood (mean age 7 years), repeated in adolescence (mean age 16 years) and adulthood (mean age 39 years). Weight status in childhood was defined as low normal weight (0-<50 BMI percentile); high normal weight (50-<85 BMI percentile); overweight (85-<95 BMI percentile); obese (≥95 BMI percentile). Adult weight status was defined as normal weight (18.5-<25 kg/m); overweight (25-<30 kg/m); obese (>30 kg/m).
Adult obesity (%) increased with weight status in childhood (low normal weight 17%; high normal weight 40%; overweight 59%; obesity 85%) and similarly with adolescence. Children in a lower category in adolescence than in childhood had lower risk of having adult obesity than did those who maintained their childhood category. Among adults with obesity, 59% (111 out of 187) were normal weight as children, with 75% (83 out of 111) from the high normal weight children; and 50% of adults with obesity were normal weight (n = 94/187) as adolescents, with 84% (81 out of 94) from the high normal weight adolescents. Only 6% of 143 normal weight adults had either overweight (n = 9) or obesity (n = 0) during childhood.
This study shows the high risk for adult obesity in children and adolescents who have overweight or obesity. A majority of adults with obesity had a 50-85 BMI percentile as children. Those who did not move to higher weight status between childhood and adolescence had lower probability of adult obesity.
研究儿童和青少年时期体重指数（BMI）的变化以及肥胖向成年期的发展。
我们对 480 名个体（49%为男性；67%为白人）进行了一项纵向研究，这些个体在儿童期（平均年龄 7 岁）、青春期（平均年龄 16 岁）和成年期（平均年龄 39 岁）进行了身高和体重测量。儿童期的体重状况定义为低正常体重（0-<50 BMI 百分位）；高正常体重（50-<85 BMI 百分位）；超重（85-<95 BMI 百分位）；肥胖（≥95 BMI 百分位）。成人的体重状况定义为正常体重（18.5-<25 kg/m）；超重（25-<30 kg/m）；肥胖（>30 kg/m）。
成人肥胖（%）随着儿童期的体重状况（低正常体重 17%；高正常体重 40%；超重 59%；肥胖 85%）和青春期相似而增加。与儿童期相比，青春期体重状况较低的儿童成年后肥胖的风险较低。在肥胖的成年人中，59%（187 人中的 111 人）儿童时期体重正常，其中 75%（111 人中的 83 人）来自高正常体重儿童；肥胖成年人中有 50%（187 人中的 94 人）青春期体重正常，其中 84%（94 人中的 81 人）来自高正常体重青少年。在 143 名体重正常的成年人中，只有 6%（9 人超重，0 人肥胖）在儿童时期超重或肥胖。
本研究表明，超重或肥胖的儿童和青少年成年后肥胖的风险很高。大多数肥胖成年人在儿童时期的 BMI 都在 50-85 百分位之间。那些在儿童期和青春期之间体重状况没有上升到更高水平的人，成年后患肥胖的可能性较低。
