Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development, and Community Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 Apr;32(4):768-777. doi: 10.1002/oby.23978.
The objective of this study was to assess whether inhibitory task performance in adolescence could be prospectively related to weight gain in young adulthood. We proposed that this association would differ according to the BMI group in adolescence.
A total of 318 adolescents performed the anti-saccade task, and 530 completed the Stroop test. Accuracy and reaction time were assessed for each incentive type (neutral, loss, and reward) in the anti-saccade task and for each trial type (control and incongruent trials) in the Stroop test. Changes in the BMI z score (∆BMI z score) from adolescence to young adulthood were calculated.
The relationship between the BMI z score and the anti-saccade task accuracy showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score (β = -0.002, p < 0.05). The neutral and loss accuracies were related to ∆BMI z score in the groups with overweight (all β = -0.004, p = 0.05) and obesity (β = -0.006 and β = -0.005, p < 0.01). The interaction between adolescents' BMI z score with control (β = -0.312, p < 0.001) and incongruent (β = -0.384, p < 0.001) trial reaction times showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score. Control (β = 0.730, p = 0.036) and incongruent (β = 0.535, p = 0.033) trial reaction times were related to ∆BMI z score in the group with overweight.
Our findings support the hypothesis that cognitive vulnerability could predict the BMI gain from adolescence to young adulthood.
本研究旨在评估青少年时期的抑制任务表现是否与青年期体重增加有前瞻性关系。我们假设这种关联会根据青少年时期的 BMI 组别而有所不同。
共有 318 名青少年完成了反眼跳任务，530 名青少年完成了 Stroop 测试。反眼跳任务中，对每种激励类型（中性、损失和奖励）的准确性和反应时间进行评估；Stroop 测试中，对每种试验类型（控制和不一致试验）的准确性和反应时间进行评估。从青少年期到成年期，计算 BMI z 分数（∆BMI z 分数）的变化。
BMI z 分数与反眼跳任务准确性之间的关系显示出对 ∆BMI z 分数的影响（β=-0.002，p<0.05）。在超重组（所有β=-0.004，p=0.05）和肥胖组（β=-0.006 和β=-0.005，p<0.01）中，中性和损失的准确性与 ∆BMI z 分数相关。青少年 BMI z 分数与控制（β=-0.312，p<0.001）和不一致（β=-0.384，p<0.001）试验反应时间之间的交互作用对 ∆BMI z 分数有影响。在超重组中，控制（β=0.730，p=0.036）和不一致（β=0.535，p=0.033）试验反应时间与 ∆BMI z 分数相关。
我们的研究结果支持这样一种假设，即认知脆弱性可以预测从青少年期到成年期的 BMI 增长。
