School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Cardiol. 2019 Oct;35(10):1359-1365. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.05.018. Epub 2019 May 21.
Despite known associations between fitness and recurrent cardiovascular events, changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle strength with long-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR) have not been extensively examined. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine changes in CRF and muscle strength associated with long-term CR program enrollment in men, and (2) compare these changes to previously published rates of decline (2.0% per year for CRF and 2.36% per year for muscle strength in healthy age-matched individuals).
Data were extracted from the program charts of 160 men (64 ± 9 years) who were enrolled ≥ 1 year in a maintenance-phase CR program and who completed ≥ 2 exercise tests. CRF was represented by peak oxygen consumption (VO, mL/min/kg). The skeletal muscle strength was assessed using 1-repetition maximum tests for chest press, seated row, and knee extension. Mixed model analyses with polynomial functions were used to determine changes in CRF (up to 5.5 years) and muscle strength (up to 10 years).
CRF increased nonlinearly up to 3 years (range, 0.33%-3.23% per year) and then declined nonlinearly to the 5.5-year endpoint (range, 1.03%-2.59% per year). Chest press and seated row strength declined at < 1% per year over 10 years, whereas knee extension increased nonlinearly by 0.18%-1.40% per year from baseline until 4 years and then declined nonlinearly at 1.00%-3.58% per year until the 10-year endpoint. All declines were similar to literature rates.
The results indicate that significant health benefits are associated with maintenance-phase CR programs for men. Enrollment was associated with preserved CRF and lower body muscle strength for 3-4 years.
尽管已知身体健康与复发性心血管事件之间存在关联，但长期心脏康复（CR）期间心肺健康（CRF）和肌肉力量的变化尚未得到广泛研究。本研究的目的是：（1）检查男性长期参加 CR 计划时与心肺健康相关的变化；（2）将这些变化与以前发表的健康同龄个体心肺健康每年下降 2.0%和肌肉力量每年下降 2.36%的比率进行比较。
从 160 名男性（64±9 岁）的程序图表中提取数据，这些男性参加了≥1 年的维持阶段 CR 计划，并且完成了≥2 次运动测试。心肺健康用峰值摄氧量（VO2，毫升/分钟/公斤）表示。骨骼肌力量使用 1 次重复最大测试进行胸推、坐姿划船和膝关节伸展来评估。使用多项式函数的混合模型分析来确定心肺健康（长达 5.5 年）和肌肉力量（长达 10 年）的变化。
CRF 呈非线性增加，直至 3 年（每年 0.33%-3.23%），然后呈非线性下降，直至 5.5 年终点（每年 1.03%-2.59%）。10 年内，胸推和坐姿划船力量以每年<1%的速度下降，而膝关节伸展力量从基线开始以每年 0.18%-1.40%的速度呈非线性增加，持续 4 年，然后以每年 1.00%-3.58%的速度呈非线性下降，直至 10 年终点。所有下降与文献比率相似。
结果表明，男性维持阶段的 CR 计划与显著的健康益处相关。参加该计划与 3-4 年内心肺健康和下半身肌肉力量的保存有关。
