Pryzbek Mike, MacDonald Maureen, Stratford Paul, Richardson Julie, McQuarrie Angelica, McKelvie Robert, Tang Ada
School of Rehabilitation Science and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2021 Nov 29;2(1):543-549. doi: 10.1089/whr.2021.0055. eCollection 2021.
The benefits of short-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for improving fitness are well known, but the effects of long-term maintenance-phase CR are less well established. Moreover, changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle strength with long-term CR have never been examined specifically in females, a population that is under-researched and under-represented in cardiovascular research. The objective of this retrospective pilot study was to estimate changes in CRF and muscle strength in females enrolled in a long-term CR program. Data from 39 females (mean ± standard deviation age 65 ± 9 years) enrolled for at least 1 year in a maintenance-phase CR program were analyzed. The program consisted of aerobic and resistance training, and data were collected annually for CRF (peak oxygen consumption [VOpeak, mL/kg/min]) and skeletal muscle strength (one-repetition maximum tests for chest press, seated row, and knee extension, kg). Mixed-model analyses were used to determine changes in CRF over the 5-year follow-up (203 observations) and muscle strength over 6 years (108 observations). The CRF increased in females by 1.8%/year over 5 years of CR enrollment, and muscle strength increased by 0.6%-2.1%/year over 6 years. These findings are in contrast to the expected age-related declines in fitness over time. The positive long-term benefits on CRF and muscle strength in females provide initial preliminary support for maintenance-based CR, especially given that this population is commonly under-researched and under-represented in the CR literature.
短期心脏康复（CR）对改善体能的益处已广为人知，但长期维持阶段CR的效果尚不明确。此外，长期CR对心肺适能（CRF）和肌肉力量的影响从未在女性中进行过专门研究，而女性在心血管研究中是研究不足且代表性不足的人群。这项回顾性试点研究的目的是评估参加长期CR项目的女性的CRF和肌肉力量的变化。分析了39名女性（平均年龄±标准差为65±9岁）的数据，她们参加维持阶段CR项目至少1年。该项目包括有氧训练和阻力训练，每年收集CRF（峰值耗氧量[VOpeak，mL/kg/min]）和骨骼肌力量（卧推、坐姿划船和膝关节伸展的一次重复最大值测试，kg）的数据。采用混合模型分析来确定5年随访期间（203次观察）CRF的变化以及6年期间（108次观察）肌肉力量的变化。在参加CR的5年中，女性的CRF每年增加1.8%，在6年中肌肉力量每年增加0.6%-2.1%。这些发现与预期的随着时间推移与年龄相关的体能下降形成对比。长期CR对女性CRF和肌肉力量的积极益处为基于维持的CR提供了初步的支持，特别是考虑到这一人群在CR文献中通常研究不足且代表性不足。
