Lin Chien-Yu, Kim Bohyeon, Liao Yung, Park Jong-Hwan
Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2019 Aug 9;12:641-650. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S214524. eCollection 2019.
Previous investigations on factors associated with depression were highly focused on personal characteristics and health behaviors; however, few studies used an ecological perspective on the issue, much less on sex differences. This study examined the factors associated with depression, including any sex differences.
A total of 1025 Taiwanese adults older than 65 years were recruited. Their personal demographics, lifestyle behaviors, and perceived environmental factors were obtained through a telephone-based survey. The multiple factors associated with depression in older adults were examined using logistic regression analyses.
Fully logistic regression analyses revealed that poor self-rated health (odds ratio =2.54) was correlated with a greater likelihood of depression. Aside from poor self-rated health, being older, sufficient leisure time spent in walking, and perceptions of a safe environment were associated with lower risks of depression in older men, whereas having hypertension and excessive TV viewing were associated with higher risks of depression in older women.
Apart from self-rated health, sex differences in the associations of factors such as leisure-time walking, TV watching, and safe traffic environment with depression were observed among older adults. Strategies applied for geriatric depression prevention should take into consideration different sex group.
以往关于抑郁症相关因素的研究高度集中于个人特征和健康行为；然而，很少有研究从生态学角度探讨该问题，更鲜有研究关注性别差异。本研究考察了与抑郁症相关的因素，包括任何性别差异。
共招募了1025名65岁以上的台湾成年人。通过电话调查获取他们的个人人口统计学信息、生活方式行为以及对环境因素的感知。使用逻辑回归分析考察与老年人抑郁症相关的多种因素。
完全逻辑回归分析显示，自我健康评价差（比值比=2.54）与患抑郁症的可能性更大相关。除自我健康评价差外，年龄较大、有足够的休闲散步时间以及对安全环境的感知与老年男性患抑郁症的风险较低相关，而患有高血压和过度看电视与老年女性患抑郁症的风险较高相关。
除自我健康评价外，在老年人中观察到休闲散步、看电视和安全交通环境等因素与抑郁症的关联存在性别差异。预防老年抑郁症的策略应考虑不同性别群体。
