Khlat Myriam, Wallace Matthew, Guillot Michel
French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), 133 boulevard Davout, 75980, Paris Cedex 20, France.
Population Studies Center, 239 McNeil Building, University of Pennsylvania, 3718 Locust Walk Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6298, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
SSM Popul Health. 2019 Jul 5;9:100447. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100447. eCollection 2019 Dec.
In France, second generation men of South-European origin were recently found to experience a mortality advantage, as opposed to second generation men of North-African origin, subjected to a large amount of excess mortality. We analyze the roles of education and labor force participation in the explanation of these contrasting mortality patterns.
Our data consisted of a nationally-representative sample of individuals aged 18-64 years derived from the 1999 census, with mortality follow-up until 2010.
The two groups of second generation men, and particularly those of North-African origin, were less educated than the native-origin population, but only the latter was disadvantaged in terms of labor force participation. Relative to the native-origin population, the mortality hazard ratio for second generation men of North-African origin (HR = 1.71 [1.09-2.70]) remained significant after adjusting for level of educational attainment (HR = 1.59 [1.01-2.50]), but not after adjusting for economic activity (HR = 1.20 [0.76-1.89]) or for both variables (1.16 [0.74-1.83]). Conversely, the mortality hazard ratio for second generation men of South-European origin (HR = 0.64 [0.46-0.90]) remained unchanged after adjustment for level of educational attainment and/or economic activity.
The findings shed light on the salient role of labor market disadvantage in the explanation of the mortality excess of second generation men of North-African origin in France, and on the favorable situation of second-generation men of South-European origin in terms of labour market position and mortality. The theoretical and policy implications of the findings are discussed.
在法国，最近发现南欧裔第二代男性的死亡率较低，与之相反，北非裔第二代男性死亡率过高。我们分析了教育和劳动力参与在解释这些不同死亡率模式中的作用。
我们的数据来自1999年人口普查中具有全国代表性的18 - 64岁个体样本，并对其进行了直至2010年的死亡率随访。
第二代男性的这两个群体，尤其是北非裔群体，受教育程度低于本地出生人口，但只有后者在劳动力参与方面处于劣势。相对于本地出生人口，北非裔第二代男性的死亡风险比（HR = 1.71 [1.09 - 2.70]）在调整教育程度后（HR = 1.59 [1.01 - 2.50]）仍然显著，但在调整经济活动后（HR = 1.20 [0.76 - 1.89]）或同时调整这两个变量后（1.16 [0.74 - 1.83]）不再显著。相反，南欧裔第二代男性的死亡风险比（HR = 0.64 [0.46 - 0.90]）在调整教育程度和/或经济活动后保持不变。
研究结果揭示了劳动力市场劣势在解释法国北非裔第二代男性死亡率过高方面的显著作用，以及南欧裔第二代男性在劳动力市场地位和死亡率方面的有利状况。讨论了研究结果的理论和政策意义。
