Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Cornea. 2020 Feb;39(2):263-270. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002150.
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for keratoconus worldwide.
In this meta-analysis, using a structured search strategy from 2 sources, 4 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus) and the reference lists of the selected articles were searched from inception to June 2018 with no restrictions and filters. The outcome of the study was the prevalence of keratoconus and its risk factors, including eye rubbing, family history of keratoconus, atopy, allergy, asthma, eczema, diabetes type I and type II, and sex.
In this study, 3996 articles were retrieved, of which 29 were analyzed. These 29 articles included 7,158,241 participants from 15 countries. The prevalence of keratoconus in the whole population was 1.38 per 1000 population [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-1.62 per 1000]. The prevalence of keratoconus was 20.6 per 1000 (95% CI: 11.68-28.44 per 1000) in men and 18.33 per 1000 (95% CI: 8.66-28.00 per 1000) in women in studies reporting sex. The odds ratio of eye rubbing, family history of keratoconus, allergy, asthma, and eczema was 3.09 (95% CI: 2.17-4.00), 6.42 (95% CI: 2.59-10.24), 1.42 (95% CI: 1.06-1.79), 1.94 (95% CI: 1.30-2.58), and 2.95 (95% CI: 1.30-4.59), respectively.
The results of this study, as the most comprehensive meta-analysis of keratoconus prevalence and risk factors, showed that keratoconus had a low prevalence in the world and eye rubbing, family history of keratoconus, allergy, asthma, and eczema were the most important risk factors for keratoconus according to the available evidence.
本研究旨在确定全球范围内圆锥角膜的患病率和危险因素。
在这项荟萃分析中，我们采用了一种结构化的搜索策略，从 2 个来源（PubMed、Web of Science、Google Scholar 和 Scopus）和选定文章的参考文献列表中进行了无限制和无筛选的搜索，时间从创建到 2018 年 6 月。研究结果为圆锥角膜的患病率及其危险因素，包括揉眼、圆锥角膜家族史、特应性、过敏、哮喘、湿疹、1 型和 2 型糖尿病以及性别。
在这项研究中，共检索到 3996 篇文章，其中 29 篇进行了分析。这 29 篇文章包括来自 15 个国家的 7158241 名参与者。总体人群中圆锥角膜的患病率为每 1000 人中有 1.38 人（95%置信区间：每 1000 人中有 1.14-1.62 人）。在报告性别的研究中，圆锥角膜的患病率为每 1000 人中有 20.6 人（95%置信区间：每 1000 人中有 11.68-28.44 人），每 1000 人中有 18.33 人（95%置信区间：每 1000 人中有 8.66-28.00 人）。揉眼、圆锥角膜家族史、过敏、哮喘和湿疹的优势比分别为 3.09（95%置信区间：2.17-4.00）、6.42（95%置信区间：2.59-10.24）、1.42（95%置信区间：1.06-1.79）、1.94（95%置信区间：1.30-2.58）和 2.95（95%置信区间：1.30-4.59）。
本研究作为对圆锥角膜患病率和危险因素的最全面荟萃分析，结果表明，圆锥角膜在全球的患病率较低，根据现有证据，揉眼、圆锥角膜家族史、过敏、哮喘和湿疹是圆锥角膜最重要的危险因素。
