Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Biofactors. 2019 Nov;45(6):880-891. doi: 10.1002/biof.1563. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem that is a common cause of disability and mortality. Despite the availability of many treatment options, none is capable of restoring functional and structural recovery of the damaged brain. Both the results of preclinical and clinical studies suggest the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy for structural and functional recovery in TBI. However, recent evidence shows that the neuroprotective potential of MSCs is due to multiple secretions of bioactive molecules that modulate tissue microenvironment for tissue repair and regeneration. The results of preclinical studies indicate the therapeutic benefits of MSC secretome in TBI. Soluble bioactive molecules and extracellular vesicles are the various factors secreted by MSCs that can induce neurogenesis, angiogenesis, neovascularization, and anti-inflammatory activities. This review highlights the neuroprotective effect of MSC secretome for the treatment of TBI. In addition, the possible challenges of secretome as biotherapeutics are identified and how some of the issues raised could be overcome for effective clinical application are also discussed.
创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 是一个全球性的健康问题，也是残疾和死亡的常见原因。尽管有许多治疗选择，但没有一种能够恢复受损大脑的功能和结构恢复。临床前和临床研究的结果均表明，间充质基质细胞 (MSC) 可作为治疗 TBI 结构和功能恢复的一种策略。然而，最近的证据表明，MSC 的神经保护潜力是由于多种生物活性分子的分泌，这些分子调节组织微环境以进行组织修复和再生。临床前研究的结果表明 MSC 分泌组在 TBI 中的治疗益处。可溶性生物活性分子和细胞外囊泡是 MSC 分泌的各种因子，可诱导神经发生、血管生成、新血管生成和抗炎活性。本综述强调了 MSC 分泌组在治疗 TBI 中的神经保护作用。此外，还确定了分泌组作为生物治疗剂的可能挑战，以及如何克服提出的一些问题，以实现有效的临床应用。
