Hospital de la Cruz Roja, Calle Uría, 37, 33202, Spain.
Tropical Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma s/n, Oviedo 33011, Spain.
Int J Infect Dis. 2019 Nov;88:60-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the results of a systematic serological screening programme for strongyloidiasis.
A prospective serological screening programme for strongyloidiasis was performed between 2009 and 2014 for all immigrant patients attending the Tropical Medicine Unit. Three formalin-ether concentrated stool samples and an ELISA for anti-Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies were used as screening tools.
Of 659 patients screened, 79 (12%) were positive for S. stercoralis regardless of the diagnostic method used. The prevalence of infection was 42.9% in East African patients, 16.3% in Central African patients, 10.9% in those from South America, and 10% in the case of West Africa. Univariate analysis showed that infection by S. stercoralis was significantly more frequent in patients from Central Africa (p=0.026; OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03-2.85) and East Africa (p<0.001; OR 5.88, 95% CI 1.75-19.32). Taking West Africa as the reference (as the area of lowest prevalence among the positive prevalence areas), the statistical analysis showed that the risk of infection was higher in East Africa (p=0.001; OR 6.750, 95% CI 2.127-21.423) and Central Africa (p=0.065; OR 1.747, 95% CI 0.965-3.163).
Due to the potential complications of strongyloidiasis infection, we recommend that immigrant patients from developing countries be routinely screened for S. stercoralis, especially those from East Africa. A serological test is a highly appropriate screening tool.
本横断面研究旨在描述一项针对旋毛虫病的系统性血清学筛查计划的结果。
2009 年至 2014 年，对所有就诊热带医学科的移民患者进行了旋毛虫病的前瞻性血清学筛查计划。使用 3 份福尔马林乙醚浓缩粪便样本和抗旋毛虫抗体 ELISA 作为筛查工具。
在筛查的 659 名患者中，无论使用何种诊断方法，有 79 名（12%）对 S. stercoralis 呈阳性。感染率在东非患者中为 42.9%，中非患者中为 16.3%，南美患者中为 10.9%，西非患者中为 10%。单因素分析显示，旋毛虫感染在来自中非的患者中更为常见（p=0.026；OR 1.72，95%CI 1.03-2.85）和东非（p<0.001；OR 5.88，95%CI 1.75-19.32）。以西非为参考（在阳性患病率地区中患病率最低），统计分析显示，东非（p=0.001；OR 6.750，95%CI 2.127-21.423）和中非（p=0.065；OR 1.747，95%CI 0.965-3.163）感染的风险更高。
由于旋毛虫感染的潜在并发症，我们建议常规筛查来自发展中国家的移民患者是否感染 S. stercoralis，尤其是来自东非的患者。血清学检测是一种非常合适的筛查工具。
