Casapía-Morales Martin, Casanova-Rojas Wilma-Selva, Vázquez-Ascate Jhosephi, Carey-Angeles Cristiam-Armando, Alvarez-Antonio Carlos, Alava-Arévalo Freddy-Franco, Otero-Rodríguez Silvia, Ramos-Rincón José-Manuel
Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Iquitos, Peru.
Ministerio de Salud del Peru, Iquitos, Peru.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2024 Dec 16;66:e73. doi: 10.1590/S1678-9946202466073. eCollection 2024.
Strongyloides stercoralis infections, human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections, and Chagas diseases occur throughout many regions of Central and South America, including Peru. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of S. stercoralis, HTLV, and Chagas disease in Iquitos (Peruvian Amazon) and the associated epidemiological conditions for S. stercoralis seroprevalence in Iquitos. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to June 15, 2020, to assess the seroprevalence of S. stercoralis [lysate antigen ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)], HTLV (recombinant antigen ELISA), and Chagas disease (crude and recombinant antigen ELISAs). Of the 396 included individuals, 257 were seropositive for S. stercoralis (a 64.9% prevalence, 95% confidence interval [CI] 60.0% to 69.4%). In the multivariable analysis, seropositivity for S. stercoralis was higher in women (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.66) and residents of Punchana (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.51 to 7.93), whereas residence in Iquitos was associated with lower positivity (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.85). In total, four individuals were positive for HTLV (1.0% seroprevalence, 95% CI 0.3% to 2.7%), and none were positive for Chagas disease (0.0% seroprevalence, 95% CI 0.0% to 1.2%). The seroprevalence of S. stercoralis in Iquitos is high, particularly among women and residents of Punchana. The presence of HTLV infection indicates that the virus is circulating in Iquitos. This study found no cases of Chagas disease.
粪类圆线虫感染、人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV）感染和恰加斯病在包括秘鲁在内的中美洲和南美洲许多地区都有发生。本研究旨在评估伊基托斯（秘鲁亚马逊地区）粪类圆线虫、HTLV和恰加斯病的血清阳性率，以及伊基托斯粪类圆线虫血清阳性率的相关流行病学情况。2020年5月1日至6月15日进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究，以评估粪类圆线虫[裂解物抗原酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）]、HTLV（重组抗原ELISA）和恰加斯病（粗抗原和重组抗原ELISA）的血清阳性率。在纳入的396名个体中，257人粪类圆线虫血清学阳性（患病率为64.9%，95%置信区间[CI]为60.0%至69.4%）。在多变量分析中，女性粪类圆线虫血清阳性率较高（比值比[OR]为1.60，95%CI为1.03至2.66），蓬查纳居民的血清阳性率也较高（OR为3.47，95%CI为1.51至7.93），而居住在伊基托斯与较低的阳性率相关（OR为0.52，95%CI为0.32至0.85）。共有4人HTLV阳性（血清阳性率为1.0%，95%CI为0.3%至2.7%），无人恰加斯病阳性（血清阳性率为0.0%，95%CI为0.0%至1.2%）。伊基托斯粪类圆线虫的血清阳性率很高，尤其是在女性和蓬查纳居民中。HTLV感染的存在表明该病毒在伊基托斯传播。本研究未发现恰加斯病病例。
