Roberts L K, Smith D R, Seilstad K H, Jun B D
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 1988 Sep;2(2):149-77. doi: 10.1016/1011-1344(88)80001-0.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may be the most prevalent agent that man encounters in his environment. As a result, certain biological adaptations take advantage of the beneficial effects of UVR exposure, e.g. the photoactivation steps involved in vitamin D metabolism. In this regard, UVR plays an important role in maintaining our good health; however, it must be noted that UVR is potentially the most harmful naturally occurring agent in our environment. Thus, it appears that several mechanisms have evolved to protect us against the detrimental effects of UVR overexposure. Although epidermal melaninization or "tanning" may be the most obvious example of these processes, we would argue that adoptive mechanisms within the immune system also provide protection against UVR-induced skin damage. It is now known that UVR affects the distribution and functional activities of various immunocompetent cells within the skin, as well as modifying the production of inflammatory and hematopoietically active cytokines. This review will focus on the known mechanisms involved in the immune modulatory effects of UVR and how adoptive immune responses to UVR-induced skin damage contribute to specific pathological processes.
紫外线辐射（UVR）可能是人类在其环境中遇到的最普遍的因素。因此，某些生物适应性利用了UVR暴露的有益影响，例如维生素D代谢中涉及的光激活步骤。在这方面，UVR在维持我们的健康方面起着重要作用；然而，必须指出的是，UVR可能是我们环境中最有害的天然存在的因素。因此，似乎已经进化出几种机制来保护我们免受UVR过度暴露的有害影响。虽然表皮黑色素沉着或“晒黑”可能是这些过程中最明显的例子，但我们认为免疫系统内的适应性机制也能提供针对UVR诱导的皮肤损伤的保护。现在已知UVR会影响皮肤内各种免疫活性细胞的分布和功能活动，以及改变炎症和造血活性细胞因子的产生。本综述将重点关注UVR免疫调节作用的已知机制，以及对UVR诱导的皮肤损伤的适应性免疫反应如何促成特定的病理过程。
