快速眼动睡眠与神经元发育。
Rapid eye movement sleep and neuronal development.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Child Neurology and Pediatric and Adult Sleep Medicine, University of New Mexico.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Board Certified: Sleep Medicine, Family Medicine, Geriatric Medicine, and Hospice and Palliative Care, Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2019 Nov;25(6):555-560. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000622.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To understand the importance of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in the cognitive and sensorimotor development via neural plasticity during embryonic development and infants.
RECENT FINDINGS
REM sleep has remained a mystery as many of the underlying mechanisms of REM sleep remain unclear. Recent findings have demonstrated that REM sleep selectively prunes newly formed dendritic spines in the developing brain as well as strengthening new synapses in the developing brain. This process is critical for normal neuronal circuit development and behavioral improvement after learning.
SUMMARY
Although many mechanisms of REM sleep remain unclear, recent findings strongly suggest that REM sleep is vitally important in pruning synapses as well as maintaining new synapses for the development of a healthy brain. Developmental neuroplasticity refers to the continuous change of the developing brain during fetal development. Lack of plasticity may result in reduced intellectual ability, reduced learning and memory consolidation, and mental illness.
目的综述
通过胚胎发育和婴儿期神经可塑性理解 REM 睡眠在认知和感觉运动发展中的重要性。
最新发现
由于 REM 睡眠的许多潜在机制仍不清楚，因此 REM 睡眠仍然是一个谜。最近的发现表明，REM 睡眠选择性地修剪发育中大脑中新形成的树突棘，同时增强发育中大脑中的新突触。这个过程对于正常的神经元回路发展和学习后的行为改善至关重要。
总结
尽管 REM 睡眠的许多机制仍不清楚，但最近的发现强烈表明，REM 睡眠对于修剪突触以及维持新突触对于健康大脑的发育非常重要。发育神经可塑性是指胎儿发育过程中大脑的持续变化。缺乏可塑性可能导致智力下降、学习和记忆巩固能力下降以及精神疾病。
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