Maquet Pierre, Matarazzo Luca, Foret Ariane, Mascetti Laura, Bourdiec Anahita Shaffii-Le, Muto Vincenzo
Universite de Liege, Belgique.
Biol Aujourdhui. 2010;204(2):139-43. doi: 10.1051/jbio/2010008. Epub 2010 Jun 21.
A growing body of evidence indicates that sleep promotes memory consolidation. Although the first experimental evidence for this positive influence of sleep on memory was collected more than a century ago, the potential underlying neural mechanisms begins only to be conceptualized and experimentally characterized. A first hypothesis contrasted the influence of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep on declarative and procedural memories, respectively. As the understanding of the effects of sleep on memory consolidation during sleep progressed, the hypotheses were increasingly framed in terms of neural processes occurring with NREM and REM sleep, especially associated with phasic events such as slow waves, spindles or phasic REM sleep. This paper reviews two of these hypotheses: the synaptic downscaling and the systemic consolidation during non NREM sleep.
越来越多的证据表明，睡眠有助于记忆巩固。尽管关于睡眠对记忆的这种积极影响的首个实验证据是在一个多世纪前收集到的，但潜在的神经机制才刚刚开始被概念化并通过实验进行表征。第一个假说是将非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠和快速眼动（REM）睡眠对陈述性记忆和程序性记忆的影响进行对比。随着对睡眠期间睡眠对记忆巩固影响的理解不断深入，这些假说越来越多地根据NREM和REM睡眠期间发生的神经过程来构建，特别是与慢波、纺锤波或快速眼动睡眠等阶段性事件相关的过程。本文回顾其中的两个假说：非快速眼动睡眠期间的突触缩小和系统性巩固。
