Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 17;12(1):8236. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12330-1.
Eye movement density (EMD) is an evaluation index of rapid eye movements observed during sleep. This study aimed to investigate the association of fetal EMD with sleeping and developmental problems in infancy. We observed 60 normal singleton pregnancies (gestational age 28-37 weeks) using ultrasonography for 1 h. Fetal eye movements were counted, and EMD was calculated. Participants answered questionnaires regarding their child's sleep and development 1.5 years after their delivery. The outcomes of an infant's sleep were night awakening (yes or no), bedtime (before or after 22:00), and nighttime sleep duration (< 9 or ≥ 9 h). An infant's development was evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) T-score. We found that decreased fetal EMD was associated with increased night awakening at the age of 1.5 years (odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.69-1.00 per unit decrease in EMD). However, fetal EMD was not associated with bedtime or nighttime sleep duration. In addition, fetal EMD was independently associated with the total problems T-score of the CBCL at the age of 1.5 years in the multivariate model (p = 0.047). In conclusion, fetal EMD may be associated with sleep and developmental problems in infants.
眼动密度（EMD）是睡眠期间观察到的快速眼球运动的评估指标。本研究旨在探讨胎儿 EMD 与婴儿期睡眠和发育问题的关系。我们使用超声观察了 60 例正常单胎妊娠（妊娠 28-37 周），观察时间为 1 小时。计算胎儿的眼动次数，并计算 EMD。参与者在分娩后 1.5 年回答了关于其子女睡眠和发育的问卷。婴儿睡眠的结果包括夜间觉醒（是或否）、就寝时间（22:00 前或后）和夜间睡眠时间（<9 或≥9 小时）。婴儿的发育使用儿童行为检查表（CBCL）T 评分进行评估。我们发现，胎儿 EMD 降低与 1.5 岁时夜间觉醒增加有关（每单位 EMD 降低，优势比为 0.84，95%置信区间为 0.69-1.00）。然而，胎儿 EMD 与就寝时间或夜间睡眠时间无关。此外，在多变量模型中，胎儿 EMD 与 1.5 岁时 CBCL 的总问题 T 评分独立相关（p=0.047）。总之，胎儿 EMD 可能与婴儿的睡眠和发育问题有关。
