在健康的北欧饮食（SYSDIET）随机研究中，定量评估甜菜碱化合物与饮食和代谢生物标志物的关联。

Quantitative assessment of betainized compounds and associations with dietary and metabolic biomarkers in the randomized study of the healthy Nordic diet (SYSDIET).

机构信息

Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

出版信息

Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Nov 1;110(5):1108-1118. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz179.

DOI:10.1093/ajcn/nqz179

PMID:31504116

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recently, a group of betainized compounds have been suggested to play a role in health effects in relation to a whole-grain-rich diet.

OBJECTIVES

The aims of this study were to develop a quantitative mass spectrometric method for selected betainized compounds in human plasma, and to investigate their association with nutrient intake and measures of metabolic health in participants of the SYSDIET study.

METHODS

The SYSDIET study was a controlled randomized intervention including individuals with metabolic syndrome, where the healthy Nordic diet (HND) group increased intakes of whole grains, canola oil, berries, and fish, whereas the control diet (CD) group consumed low-fiber cereal products, milk fat, and restricted amounts of fish and berries. A quantitative LC combined with triple quadrupole MS method for betainized compounds was developed and applied to fasting plasma samples from baseline (week 0) and the end of the intervention (week 18 or 24). Concentrations of betainized compounds were correlated with intakes of selected nutrients and fiber and measures of metabolic health.

RESULTS

Pipecolic acid betaine (PAB) concentrations were significantly higher in the HND group than in the CD group (P = 0.00032) at the end of the intervention and correlated directly (P < 0.0001) with intakes of dietary fiber (r = 0.376) and a biomarker related to whole-grain rye intake, namely the ratio of alkylresorcinol C17:0 to C21:0 (r = 0.442). PAB was associated inversely with fasting plasma insulin consistently at the beginning and at the end of the intervention (P < 0.001, r = -0.300; P < 0.01, r = -0.250, respectively), as well as IL-1 receptor antagonist (P < 0.01, r = -0.232 at the beginning; P < 0.01, r = -0.236 at the end) and serum LDL/HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01, r = -0.239 at the beginning; P < 0.01, r = -0.241 at the end).

CONCLUSIONS

Among adults with the metabolic syndrome, PAB plasma concentrations were associated with fasting insulin, inflammation, and lipids and were significantly increased with adoption of the HND. Further studies are needed to clarify the biological functions of betainized compounds. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.

摘要

背景

最近，一组甜菜碱化合物被认为在与全谷物丰富的饮食相关的健康影响中发挥作用。

目的

本研究旨在开发一种定量质谱法，用于检测人血浆中的选定甜菜碱化合物，并探讨其与 SYSDIET 研究参与者的营养摄入和代谢健康指标的关系。

方法

SYSDIET 研究是一项对照随机干预研究，包括代谢综合征患者，其中健康北欧饮食（HND）组增加全谷物、菜籽油、浆果和鱼的摄入量，而对照组（CD）组则食用低纤维谷物产品、牛奶脂肪，并限制鱼和浆果的摄入量。建立并应用一种定量 LC 与三重四极杆 MS 法检测基线（第 0 周）和干预结束时（第 18 或 24 周）的空腹血浆样本中的甜菜碱化合物。将甜菜碱化合物的浓度与选定营养素和纤维的摄入量以及代谢健康指标进行相关性分析。

结果

在干预结束时，HND 组的哌可酸甜菜碱（PAB）浓度明显高于 CD 组（P=0.00032），并与膳食纤维的摄入量直接相关（P<0.0001，r=0.376），以及与黑麦全谷物摄入量相关的生物标志物烷基间苯二酚 C17:0 与 C21:0 的比值（r=0.442）。PAB 与空腹血浆胰岛素在干预开始和结束时均呈负相关（P<0.001，r=-0.300；P<0.01，r=-0.250），与白细胞介素-1 受体拮抗剂（P<0.01，r=-0.232 开始；P<0.01，r=-0.236 结束）和血清 LDL/HDL 胆固醇（P<0.01，r=-0.239 开始；P<0.01，r=-0.241 结束）。