Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
Sports Med. 2019 Dec;49(12):1861-1877. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01172-z.
Cluster sets (CSs) are a popular resistance training (RT) strategy categorised by short rest periods implemented between single or groups of repetitions. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of CSs on acute intra-session neuromuscular performance is still equivocal.
The objective of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of a single session of CSs to attenuate losses in force, velocity and power compared to traditional set (TS) training.
Screening consisted of a systematic search of EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and SPORTDiscus. Inclusion criteria were (1) measured one or more of mean/peak force, velocity or power; (2) implemented CSs in comparison to TSs; (3) an acute design, or part thereof; and (4) published in an English-language, peer-reviewed journal. Raw data (mean ± standard deviation) were extracted from included studies and converted into standardised mean differences (SMDs) and ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Twenty-five studies were used to calculate SMD ± 95% CI. Peak (SMD = 0.815, 95% CI 0.105-1.524, p = 0.024) and mean (SMD = 0.863, 95% CI 0.319-1.406, p = 0.002) velocity, peak (SMD = 0.356, 95% CI 0.057-0.655, p = 0.019) and mean (SMD = 0.692, 95% CI 0.395-0.990, p < 0.001) power, and peak force (SMD = 0.306, 95% CI - 0.028 to 0.584, p = 0.031) favoured CS. Subgroup analyses demonstrated an overall effect for CS across loads (SMD = 0.702, 95% CI 0.548-0.856, p < 0.001), included exercises (SMD = 0.664, 95% CI 0.413-0.916, p < 0.001), experience levels (SMD = 0.790, 95% CI 0.500-1.080, p < 0.001) and CS structures (SMD = 0.731, 95% CI 0.567-0.894, p < 0.001) with no difference within subgroups.
CSs are a useful strategy to attenuate the loss in velocity, power and peak force during RT and should be used to maintain neuromuscular performance, especially when kinetic outcomes are emphasised. However, it remains unclear if the benefits translate to improved performance across all RT exercises, between sexes and across the lifespan.
集群集(CSs)是一种流行的抗阻训练(RT)策略,其特点是在单次或多次重复之间实施短暂的休息时间。然而,支持 CSs 对急性会话内神经肌肉性能有效性的证据仍然存在争议。
本研究的目的是确定单次 CSs 相对于传统集(TS)训练对力、速度和功率损失的衰减效果。
筛选包括对 EMBASE、Google Scholar、PubMed、Scopus 和 SPORTDiscus 的系统搜索。纳入标准为:(1)测量了平均/峰值力、速度或功率的一项或多项;(2)与 TS 相比实施了 CSs;(3)为急性设计,或其中一部分;(4)发表在英文同行评审期刊上。从纳入的研究中提取原始数据(均值±标准差),并将其转换为标准化均数差(SMD)和±95%置信区间(CI)。
使用 25 项研究来计算 SMD±95%CI。峰值(SMD=0.815,95%CI 0.105-1.524,p=0.024)和平均(SMD=0.863,95%CI 0.319-1.406,p=0.002)速度、峰值(SMD=0.356,95%CI 0.057-0.655,p=0.019)和平均(SMD=0.692,95%CI 0.395-0.990,p<0.001)力量,以及峰值力(SMD=0.306,95%CI -0.028 至 0.584,p=0.031)有利于 CS。亚组分析表明,CS 在所有负荷(SMD=0.702,95%CI 0.548-0.856,p<0.001)、包括的运动(SMD=0.664,95%CI 0.413-0.916,p<0.001)、经验水平(SMD=0.790,95%CI 0.500-1.080,p<0.001)和 CS 结构(SMD=0.731,95%CI 0.567-0.894,p<0.001)方面均具有总体效果,而在亚组内没有差异。
CSs 是一种在 RT 期间减轻速度、力量和峰值力损失的有效策略,应被用于维持神经肌肉性能,特别是在强调动力学结果时。然而,目前尚不清楚这些益处是否能转化为所有 RT 运动、男女之间以及整个生命周期内的性能提高。