Early Stage Impacts of Adenoidectomy With/Without Tonsillectomy on Immune Functions of Children Aged Less Than Three Years.

To evaluate the early stage effects of adenoidectomy with/without tonsillectomy on immune functions in children aged <3 years. Twenty-four children aged <3 years underwent adenoidectomy with/without tonsillectomy were included. The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 were measured for humoral immunity, and the levels of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD56, CD3CD4CD8, and CD3CD4CD8 T cells were measured for cellular immunity before and 2 weeks after the operation. The postoperative levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, and C4 were significantly increased compared with the preoperative levels ( < 0.05). The levels of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD3CD4CD8, and CD3CD4CD8 T cells were increased, while the level of CD19 was decreased in postoperative period compared with preoperative period. Compared with those in the control group, the preoperative levels of IgA, IgG, and CD3CD4CD8 T cells were significantly increased ( < 0.05), while the levels of IgM, C3, C4 and CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, and CD3CD4CD8 T cells were not significantly changed. The postoperative levels of IgA, IgG, C3, C4, CD3CD4CD8, and CD3CD4CD8 T cells were significantly increased ( < 0.05), while the levels of IgM, CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD56 T cells were not significantly changed compared with those in the control group. Adenoidectomy with/without tonsillectomy could stimulate the immune responses, which could avoid significant immune deficiency in a short period of time in children aged <3 years.