Akbari Hossein, Roshanpajouh Mohsen, Nourijelyani Keramat, Mansournia Mohammad-Ali, Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin, Yazdani Kamran
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Addiction Researches Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Psychiatry Institute), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Promot Perspect. 2019 Aug 6;9(3):248-254. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2019.34. eCollection 2019.
The current study aimed at determining the pattern of drug dependence and its related factors in mid-term residential treatment centers (MTRCs). The current cross-sectional study was conducted on all drug dependent people residing in MTRCs of Tehran, Iran, who were voluntarily seeking treatment from April to August, 2018. Required data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Drug dependence was categorized into four groups: soft opioids, hard opioids, methamphetamine, and combination of hard opioids and methamphetamine. The association of potential risk factors with drug dependence was measured using chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression. Out of 1868 participants in the current study, 97% were male. Mean age (SD) of the participants was 38.1 (9.9). The different types of drug dependence were hard opioids (43.0%),soft opioids (29.5%), methamphetamine (15.4%), and a combination of hard opioids and methamphetamine (12.1%). The prevalence of injecting drug use was 2.7%. In comparison with the reference group (soft opioids), being un-married and unemployment, significantly increased the risk of using the three groups of drugs (odds ratios [ORs]: 1.5-3.34, P values: <0.001-0.033).Age ≥30 years at the initiation of drug use, and using current drug for more than 10 years, significantly increased the risk of using hard opioids and a combination of hard opioids and methamphetamine (ORs: 1.65-2.31, P values: <0.001-0.030). Age ≥50 years significantly decreased the risk of using the three groups of drugs (ORs: 0.21-0.43, P≤0.001). Different pattern of drug dependence found in MTRCs, they were mostly hard opioid users, lower injecting drug use and higher mean of age.
本研究旨在确定中期住院治疗中心（MTRCs）药物依赖模式及其相关因素。本横断面研究针对2018年4月至8月期间居住在伊朗德黑兰MTRCs且自愿寻求治疗的所有药物依赖者展开。所需数据通过面对面访谈收集。药物依赖分为四组：软性阿片类药物、硬性阿片类药物、甲基苯丙胺以及硬性阿片类药物与甲基苯丙胺的组合。使用卡方检验和多项逻辑回归来衡量潜在风险因素与药物依赖之间的关联。在本研究的1868名参与者中，97%为男性。参与者的平均年龄（标准差）为38.1（9.9）。不同类型的药物依赖分别为：硬性阿片类药物（43.0%）、软性阿片类药物（29.5%）、甲基苯丙胺（15.4%）以及硬性阿片类药物与甲基苯丙胺的组合（12.1%）。注射吸毒的患病率为2.7%。与参照组（软性阿片类药物）相比，未婚和失业显著增加了使用其他三组药物的风险（比值比[ORs]：1.5 - 3.34，P值：<0.001 - 0.033）。开始吸毒时年龄≥30岁以及当前吸毒超过10年，显著增加了使用硬性阿片类药物以及硬性阿片类药物与甲基苯丙胺组合的风险（ORs：1.65 - 2.31，P值：<0.001 - 0.030）。年龄≥50岁显著降低了使用这三组药物的风险（ORs：0.21 - 0.43，P≤0.001）。在MTRCs中发现了不同的药物依赖模式，他们大多是硬性阿片类药物使用者，注射吸毒率较低且平均年龄较高。
