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压力悖论:压力如何有益于学习。

The stress paradox: how stress can be good for learning.

机构信息

Education Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.

Higher Education Development Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

出版信息

Med Educ. 2020 Jan;54(1):40-45. doi: 10.1111/medu.13830. Epub 2019 Sep 11.

Abstract

CONTEXT

This article explores the myth that stress is always bad for learning. The term "stress" has been narrowed by habitual use to equate with the negative outcome of distress; this article takes an alternative view that ultimately rejects the myth that demonises stress. The avoidance of distress is important, but a broader view of stress as something that can have either positive or negative outcomes is considered.

PROPOSAL

We propose that stress is important for learning and stress-related growth. We explore the little-mentioned concept of eustress (good stress) as a counter to the more familiar concept of distress. We further consider that the negative associations of stress may contribute to its negative impact. The impact of stress on learning should be deliberately and carefully considered. We offer a hypothetical learning journey that considers the cause of potential stress, a stressor, and how a stressor is moderated to result in stress that may influence learning either by positively challenging the learner or by functioning as a hindrance to learning.

CONCLUSIONS

In thinking more positively about stress, health professional educators may better support the student's learning journey.

摘要

背景

本文探讨了一个误解,即压力总是对学习不利。“压力”一词在习惯用法中已经被缩小到等同于痛苦的负面结果;本文采取了另一种观点,最终拒绝了将压力妖魔化的误解。避免痛苦很重要,但更广泛地看待压力,认为压力既可以带来积极的结果,也可以带来消极的结果,这一点值得考虑。

建议

我们认为压力对学习和与压力相关的成长很重要。我们探讨了一个很少被提及的概念,即正性压力(良性压力),以对抗更为人熟悉的痛苦概念。我们进一步认为,压力的负面联想可能导致其产生负面影响。应该审慎地仔细考虑压力对学习的影响。我们提供了一个假设的学习旅程,其中考虑了潜在压力的原因,即压力源,以及压力源如何通过积极挑战学习者或成为学习的障碍来进行调节,从而对学习产生影响。

结论

积极思考压力,健康专业教育者可能会更好地支持学生的学习旅程。

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