生长激素-胰岛素样生长因子系统在小于胎龄儿中的作用的最新研究进展。
Current Insights into the Role of the Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age.
机构信息
Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
Department of Genetics, Section of Metabolic Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Horm Res Paediatr. 2019;92(1):15-27. doi: 10.1159/000502739. Epub 2019 Sep 11.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The reason for the insufficient catch-up growth seen in 10% of children born small for gestational age (SGA) is poorly understood. Disturbances in the growth hormone (GH) - insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis might underlie this failure to show sufficient catch-up growth.
CONCLUSION
This review summarizes insights gained in the molecular and (epi) genetic mechanisms of the GH-IGF axis in short children born SGA. The most notable anomalies of the IGF system are the lowered IGF-I levels in both cord blood and the placenta, and the increased expression of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-2, which inhibit IGF-I, in the placenta of SGA neonates. These observations suggest a decreased bioactivity of IGF-I in utero. IGF-I levels remain reduced in SGA children with short stature, as well as IGFBP-3 and acid-labile subunit levels. Proteolysis of IGFBP-3 appears to be increased.
摘要
背景
对于 10%出生体重小于胎龄（SGA）的儿童而言，其生长追赶不足的原因尚不清楚。生长激素（GH）-胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）轴的紊乱可能是导致其无法充分实现生长追赶的原因。
结论
本综述总结了 GH-IGF 轴在 SGA 出生矮小儿童中的分子和（表观遗传）遗传机制方面的研究进展。IGF 系统最显著的异常是脐血和胎盘 IGF-I 水平降低，以及 IGF 结合蛋白（IGFBP）-1 和 IGFBP-2 的表达增加，这会抑制 IGF-I，SGA 新生儿的胎盘也存在这种情况。这些观察结果表明 IGF-I 的生物活性在宫内降低。IGF-I 水平在 SGA 身材矮小儿童中仍然较低，IGFBP-3 和酸不稳定亚单位水平也较低。IGFBP-3 的蛋白水解似乎增加。
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