尼日利亚大学本科学生心理健康素养横断面调查
Cross-sectional survey of mental health literacy among undergraduate students of the University of Nigeria.
作者信息
Aluh Deborah Oyine, Okonta Matthew Jegbefume, Odili Valentine Uche
机构信息
Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Sep 12;9(9):e028913. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-028913.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to assess knowledge of schizophrenia and help-seeking behaviour among undergraduate students of a Nigerian university. Sociodemographic predictors of correct recognition were also explored.
DESIGN
The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey.
SETTING
The study was carried out at the University of Nigeria, a pioneer university located in Southeastern Nigeria.
PARTICIPANTS
Undergraduate students of the University of Nigeria.
METHODS
All consenting male and female students of three purposively selected faculties were recruited for the study. Self-administered vignette-based questionnaires were distributed to students of the selected faculties between September and November 2018. Data were analysed using the IBM Statistical Product and Services Solution for Windows V.21.0.
RESULTS
Out of the 400 questionnaires that were distributed, 389 were completed and returned (97.3% response rate). Respondents were mainly female (64.9%, n=252) and were between the ages of 18 and 24 years (75.8%, n=294). One in eight respondents (12.1%, n=47) correctly identified and labelled the schizophrenia vignette. Hallucination was the most identified symptom of distress for schizophrenia (47.9%, n=186). The most common alternative label for schizophrenia was 'mental illness' (24.7%, n=96). Schizophrenia was also mislabelled as depression (11.6%, n=45). More than a 10th of the respondents used stigmatising labels such as 'crazy' and 'mad' (11.1%, n=43). Psychiatrists were the most recommended source of help for the vignette character (36.3%, n=141). There was a strong association between the faculty of study and the ability to correctly identify and label the schizophrenia vignette (χ=44.557, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Mental health literacy among students of the University of Nigeria was poor. Research on culturally sensitive interventions to improve mental health literacy should be embarked on.
目的
本研究旨在评估尼日利亚一所大学本科学生对精神分裂症的认知以及求助行为。同时还探究了正确识别精神分裂症的社会人口学预测因素。
设计
本研究为横断面描述性调查。
地点
研究在尼日利亚东南部的一所老牌大学——尼日利亚大学开展。
参与者
尼日利亚大学的本科学生。
方法
从三个经目的抽样选取的学院中招募所有同意参与研究的男女学生。2018年9月至11月期间，向所选学院的学生发放基于 vignette 的自填式问卷。使用 IBM 统计产品与服务解决方案 Windows V.21.0 对数据进行分析。
结果
在发放的400份问卷中，389份被完成并回收（回复率为97.3%）。受访者主要为女性（64.9%，n = 252），年龄在18至24岁之间（75.8%，n = 294）。八分之一的受访者（12.1%，n = 47）正确识别并标注了精神分裂症 vignette。幻觉是精神分裂症中最常被识别出的痛苦症状（47.9%，n = 186）。精神分裂症最常见的错误标签是“精神疾病”（24.7%，n = 96）。精神分裂症也被错误标注为抑郁症（11.6%，n = 45）。超过十分之一的受访者使用了“疯狂”和“疯了”等污名化标签（11.1%，n = 43）。精神科医生是 vignette 角色最常被推荐的求助对象（36.3%，n = 141）。所学学院与正确识别和标注精神分裂症 vignette 的能力之间存在强关联（χ = 44.557，p < 0.001）。
结论
尼日利亚大学学生的心理健康素养较差。应开展关于提高心理健康素养的文化敏感干预措施的研究。
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