Miles Rona T, Krishnan Anjali, Rabin Laura A, Brandt Stephan A, Crispino Maisa Lopes
Psychology Department, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA.
Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA.
Discov Ment Health. 2024 Oct 3;4(1):42. doi: 10.1007/s44192-024-00099-w.
Examining a large number of specific college majors and their association with mental health literacy (MHL) is an important step towards identifying at-risk groups at the college level. Though prior research has investigated MHL across student demographics such as gender, age, ethnicity, and level of education, the present study was the first to compare the MHL of undergraduate students across 19 different college majors. A total of 617 demographically and ethnically diverse undergraduate students (62.1% female; 69.3% non-white; mean age = 22.2 years; mean year in college = 2.8) reported their demographics, college experience, and college major, and completed an MHL measure that assessed knowledge of more than 20 psychological disorders and the application of that knowledge to real life scenarios. After controlling for gender, data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc comparisons to determine if differences in mental health literacy level were related to specific college majors. Results revealed that mental health literacy significantly differed across majors, F(18, 598) = 5.09, p < .001. Specifically, students majoring in accounting, nursing, business, biology, and those in a multidisciplinary category had significantly lower mental health literacy scores compared to the highest scoring major, psychology. We present empirical data about variations in mental health literacy across many different majors in higher education. Our findings provide a rationale for interventions for academic majors with lower MHL, as well as a rationale for training of college faculty and staff, for the purpose of improving psychological well-being in at-risk college students.
研究大量具体的大学专业及其与心理健康素养(MHL)的关联,是在大学层面识别高危群体的重要一步。尽管先前的研究已经考察了不同学生人口统计学特征(如性别、年龄、种族和教育水平)的心理健康素养,但本研究是首次比较19个不同大学专业的本科生的心理健康素养。共有617名人口统计学和种族背景各异的本科生(62.1%为女性;69.3%为非白人;平均年龄 = 22.2岁;平均大学就读年限 = 2.8年)报告了他们的人口统计学信息、大学经历和专业,并完成了一项心理健康素养测评,该测评评估了20多种心理障碍的知识以及这些知识在现实生活场景中的应用。在控制了性别因素后,使用方差分析和事后比较对数据进行分析,以确定心理健康素养水平的差异是否与特定的大学专业相关。结果显示,各专业的心理健康素养存在显著差异,F(18, 598) = 5.09,p <.001。具体而言,与得分最高的专业心理学相比,会计、护理、商业、生物学专业以及多学科类别的学生心理健康素养得分显著较低。我们提供了关于高等教育中许多不同专业心理健康素养差异的实证数据。我们的研究结果为针对心理健康素养较低的专业进行干预提供了理论依据,也为培训大学教职员工以改善高危大学生的心理健康状况提供了理论依据。