Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; EXTRO-Lab, Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2020 Feb;60:148-156. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.007. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
Cancer stem cells (CSC) possess abilities generally associated with embryonic or adult stem cells, especially self-renewal and differentiation, but also dormancy and cellular plasticity that allow adaption to new environmental circumstances. These abilities are ideal prerequisites for the successful establishment of metastasis. This review highlights the role of CSCs in every step of the metastatic cascade from cancer cell invasion into blood vessels, survival in the blood stream, attachment and extravasation as well as colonization of the host organ and subsequent establishment of distant macrometastasis.
癌症干细胞（CSC）具有通常与胚胎或成体干细胞相关的能力，特别是自我更新和分化，但也具有休眠和细胞可塑性，使它们能够适应新的环境情况。这些能力是成功建立转移的理想先决条件。本综述强调了 CSC 在转移级联的每一个步骤中的作用，从癌细胞侵入血管、在血流中存活、附着和渗出以及宿主器官的定植到随后建立远处的巨转移。
