The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
Waste Manag Res. 2020 Mar;38(3):263-270. doi: 10.1177/0734242X19872263. Epub 2019 Sep 14.
Spent lead paste is the main component in lead-acid batteries reaching end of life. It contains about 55% lead sulphate and 35% lead dioxide, as well as minor amounts of lead oxide. It is necessary to recycle spent lead paste with minimal pollution and low energy consumption instead of the conventional smelting method. In this study, a novel approach involving hydrometallurgical desulphurisation and thermal degradation is developed to recover lead as PbO products from spent lead acid batteries. First, the desulphurisation effects and phase compositions of products with different transforming agents were compared, and the optimum conditions using (NH)CO as a transforming agent were determined. And then, the thermal degradation processes of both precursors lead carbonate and lead dioxide were investigated to prepare α-PbO, PbO, and β-PbO products in argon and air atmospheres, respectively. Both the desulphurisation precursors and the calcination products were characterised by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the lead oxide products were prepared, including α-PbO at 450°C in argon, PbO and β-PbO at 480°C and 620°C in air, respectively.
废铅膏是铅酸电池寿命结束时的主要成分。它含有约 55%的硫酸铅和 35%的二氧化铅，以及少量的氧化铅。有必要采用无污染、低能耗的方法来回收废铅膏，而不是采用传统的冶炼方法。本研究采用湿法脱硫和热降解的新方法，从废铅酸电池中回收铅作为 PbO 产品。首先，比较了不同转化剂的脱硫效果和产物的相组成，确定了以 (NH4)2CO3 为转化剂的最佳条件。然后，研究了前驱体碳酸铅和二氧化铅的热降解过程，分别在氩气和空气中制备了α-PbO、PbO 和β-PbO 产品。脱硫前体和煅烧产物均采用热重分析、差示扫描量热法、X 射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜进行了表征。结果表明，在氩气中于 450°C 可制备α-PbO，在空气于 480°C 和 620°C 可分别制备 PbO 和β-PbO 产品。
