Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
EMBO Rep. 2019 Oct 4;20(10):e49104. doi: 10.15252/embr.201949104. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
Although damaged lysosomes with ruptured membranes can be repaired, these dangerous organelles are also selectively eliminated by autophagic degradation termed lysophagy. This process is initiated by ubiquitination of lysosomal proteins. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Koerver et al [1] identify the E2 enzyme UBE2QL1 that catalyzes ubiquitination of damaged lysosomes. Without this enzyme, the clearance of ruptured lysosomes is compromised not only upon lysosomal damage but also under normal conditions, revealing its adaptive and constitutive functions.
虽然破损的溶酶体（细胞膜破裂的溶酶体）可以修复，但这些危险的细胞器也可以通过自噬降解（称为溶酶体噬作用）被选择性地消除。这个过程是由溶酶体蛋白的泛素化引发的。在本期的《EMBO 报告》中，Koerver 等人 [1] 鉴定出了 E2 酶 UBE2QL1，它可以催化受损溶酶体的泛素化。没有这种酶，不仅在溶酶体受到损伤时，而且在正常情况下，破裂的溶酶体的清除都会受到损害，这揭示了它的适应性和组成性功能。
