Chandrasekharan C Chithra, Jiji R S
Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Vet World. 2019 Jul;12(7):1070-1077. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1070-1077. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
The National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics is an animal science research institute under the aegis of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The intellectual property management system (IPMS) of the institute oversees technology creation, protection, and transfer/commercialization. This study reviews the effectiveness of the IPMS using traditional strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) evaluation.
A comprehensive repository was developed to compile the SWOT pertaining to the IPMS based on relevant document reviews and the inputs of experts and stakeholders. The repository was shared among scientists of the institute for rating. The rating process revealed the top ten key SWOT associated with the structure and operation of the IPMS. The weighted SWOT matrix technique was used to identify the best strategies to improve and develop the IPMS further. This included strategies derived from the best combinations of key strengths and opportunities (S-O strategies), key weaknesses and opportunities (W-O strategies), key strengths and threats (S-T strategies), and key weaknesses and threats (W-T strategies).
The top-ranked strengths included "possession of patented technology" and "state-of-the-art biosafety laboratory facilities," while "lack of in-house faculty with legal expertise in intellectual property rights (IPR)" and "lack of technology incubation facilities" were the key weaknesses. The key opportunities included "external funding for research projects" and "market demand for onsite diagnostic tools." The major threats were "lack of market for veterinary diagnostics" and "broad-based patents on research tools and technologies."
The strengths of the system, such as a state-of-the-art biosafety laboratory and technology-marketing collaboration with Agrinnovate India Ltd., could be employed effectively to gain from the opportunities tendered by the market demand for on-site disease diagnostic tools (S-O strategies). The limitation arising from a dearth of technical staff could be overcome by technological backstopping through international linkages in the area of disease monitoring and surveillance. Funding from externally supported projects could also be utilized for recruitment of personnel (W-O strategies). Limitations arising from the combination of inadequate in-house IPR expertise and the threat arising from broad-based patents on research tools warrant vigilance (W-T strategies).
国家兽医流行病学与疾病信息研究所是印度农业研究理事会下属的动物科学研究机构。该研究所的知识产权管理系统（IPMS）负责监管技术创造、保护以及转让/商业化。本研究采用传统的优势、劣势、机会和威胁（SWOT）评估法来审视IPMS的有效性。
基于相关文献综述以及专家和利益相关者的意见，开发了一个综合知识库，用于汇编与IPMS相关的SWOT。该知识库在研究所的科学家之间共享以供评级。评级过程揭示了与IPMS的结构和运作相关的十大关键SWOT。采用加权SWOT矩阵技术来确定进一步改进和发展IPMS的最佳策略。这包括从关键优势与机会的最佳组合（S-O策略）、关键劣势与机会（W-O策略）、关键优势与威胁（S-T策略）以及关键劣势与威胁（W-T策略）中得出的策略。
排名靠前的优势包括“拥有专利技术”和“先进的生物安全实验室设施”，而“缺乏具有知识产权（IPR）法律专业知识的内部教员”和“缺乏技术孵化设施”是关键劣势。关键机会包括“研究项目的外部资金”和“对现场诊断工具的市场需求”。主要威胁是“兽医诊断缺乏市场”和“研究工具和技术的广泛专利”。
该系统的优势，如先进的生物安全实验室以及与印度农业创新有限公司的技术营销合作，可以有效地加以利用，以从现场疾病诊断工具的市场需求所带来的机会中获益（S-O策略）。可以通过在疾病监测和 surveillance领域的国际联系提供技术支持来克服技术人员短缺所带来的限制。外部支持项目的资金也可用于招聘人员（W-O策略）。内部知识产权专业知识不足与研究工具广泛专利所带来的威胁相结合所产生的限制值得警惕（W-T策略）。
