[The comparison of three molecular genetic techniques for identifying major mutations in gene HFE related to development of inherent hemochromatosis.].

The three main mutations in gene HFE (C282Y, H63D, S65C) are the cause of development of 97% of cases of inherent hemochromatosis. It is known that about 85% of patients with inherent hemochromatosis are either homo-zygotic agents of mutation C282Y or carry compound-heterozygote C282Y/H63D. Therefore, the molecular genetic study intended for detection of these three mutations in gene HFE takes important place in diagnostic of inherent hemochromatosis. The study was organized to develop methods for detection of mutations C282Y, H63D, S65C on the basis of two molecular genetic methods - polymerase chain reaction in real-time and pyrosequenation. As reference method was used published method by Moyses C.B. et al. (2008). These methods were applied to analyzing 129 DNA samples. There were no discordant results. Among analyzed clinical DNA samples, mutant alleles of gene HFE were detected in 42 samples (32.5%)ю The mutation C282Y is detected in heterozygotic condition in 4 samples (3.1%); mutation H63D was detected in heterozygotic condition in 31 samples (24%) and in homo-zygotic condition in 4 samples (4%). The mutation S65C encountered in heterozygotic condition in one sample (0.8%) and in one sample compound-heterozygote H63D/S65C was detected (0.8%). The comparative characteristic of these three methods was made according the following parameters: time, number of analysis stages and convenience of interpretation of results. The main merit of method based on polymerase chain reaction in real-time is time of analysis implementation. The main merit of method based on pyrosequenation is automatic identification of genotype.