Department of Child Development and Individual Differences, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Department of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Child Neuropsychol. 2020 Apr;26(3):409-432. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2019.1665173. Epub 2019 Sep 19.
This study examined children's performance on the Stroop-like animal size test and its relations to parent-reported temperamental effortful control, personality, and common emotional and behavioral problems in a Russian sample of 5-12-year-olds (N = 202). The animal size test demonstrated a Stroop-like effect for accuracy and response time (RT) in both genders and across all ages. Children's performance on the animal size test considerably improved with age such that older children performed more accurately, were faster and their responses were less variable than younger children's responses. The findings indicated that RT was negatively related to temperamental trait of effortful control and its key components, attention focusing and inhibitory control, whereas RT variability was negatively related to both regulatory traits, effortful control and conscientiousness, and their components. Children's performance on the AST was meaningfully related to hyperactivity-inattention, externalizing behavior and overall level of childhood psychopathology. These findings provide support for the usefulness of the animal size test in the neuropsychological assessment of preschool and school-age children.
本研究考察了俄罗斯 5-12 岁儿童在类似 Stroop 的动物大小测试中的表现及其与父母报告的气质努力控制、个性以及常见情绪和行为问题之间的关系（N=202）。在男女两性和所有年龄段中，动物大小测试在准确性和反应时间（RT）上均表现出类似 Stroop 的效应。儿童在动物大小测试中的表现随着年龄的增长而显著提高，年龄较大的儿童表现出更高的准确性，更快的反应速度，且其反应的变异性小于年龄较小的儿童的反应。研究结果表明，RT 与气质特质努力控制及其关键组成部分注意集中和抑制控制呈负相关，而 RT 变异性与两个调节特质努力控制和尽责性及其组成部分均呈负相关。儿童在 AST 上的表现与多动-注意力不集中、外化行为和儿童期总体心理病理学水平有显著关系。这些发现为动物大小测试在学龄前和学龄儿童神经心理评估中的有用性提供了支持。
