School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Fam Pract. 2020 Mar 25;37(2):206-212. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmz052.
In Scotland, there has been significant investment in pharmacy teams in general medical practices over recent years, aligned to current government policy.
To characterize the national pharmacy workforce including activities undertaken, perceived competence and confidence, as well as perception of integration of the intervention.
A cross-sectional survey of all pharmacists and pharmacy technicians in general practices. Survey items were demographics, activities undertaken and experiences. The NoMAD tool (Improving the Normalization of Complex Interventions) was included as a measure of perspectives of implementation. Post-piloting, a questionnaire link was sent to all pharmacists (n = 471) and pharmacy technicians (n = 112). A total NoMAD score was obtained by assigning 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) to each item.
Responses were received from 393 (83.4%) pharmacists and 101 (91.8%) pharmacy technicians. Three quarters of pharmacists (74.6%) and pharmacy technicians (73.3%) had been qualified for over 10 years. Two-thirds of pharmacists (68.4%) were independent prescribers, with three quarters (72.3%) currently prescribing. Respondents worked in a median of two practices and were providing a range of activities including medication/polypharmacy reviews, medicines reconciliation, prescribing efficiencies and training. Respondents reported high levels of competence and confidence (median 8, scale 0-10 highest). Median NoMAD total score (scale 20-100 highest, Cronbach's alpha 0.89) was 80 for pharmacists and 75 for pharmacy technicians, P ≤ 0.001.
The general practice pharmacy workforce in Scotland is experienced, well-qualified and integrated within general practices, delivering a range of activities. These findings have implications for workforce planning and future education and training.
近年来，苏格兰在一般医疗实践中对药剂团队进行了大量投资，这与当前政府政策一致。
描述全国范围内的药剂师队伍，包括他们所从事的活动、感知的能力和信心，以及对干预措施整合的看法。
对所有在一般实践中的药剂师和药剂技术员进行横断面调查。调查项目包括人口统计学、所从事的活动和经验。NoMAD 工具（改善复杂干预措施的规范化）被用作实施观点的衡量标准。试点后，向所有药剂师（n=471）和药剂技术员（n=112）发送了问卷链接。通过将每个项目赋值为 1（非常不同意）到 5（非常同意），获得了一个总 NoMAD 分数。
收到了 393 名（83.4%）药剂师和 101 名（91.8%）药剂技术员的回复。四分之三的药剂师（74.6%）和药剂技术员（73.3%）的资格年限超过 10 年。三分之二的药剂师（68.4%）是独立处方者，其中四分之三（72.3%）目前在开处方。受访者在中位数为 2 家的实践中工作，并提供了一系列活动，包括药物/多种药物审查、药物重整、处方效率和培训。受访者报告说他们的能力和信心水平很高（中位数为 8，范围为 0-10，最高）。药剂师的中位数 NoMAD 总分（范围为 20-100，最高，Cronbach's alpha 为 0.89）为 80，药剂技术员为 75，P≤0.001。
苏格兰的一般实践药剂师队伍经验丰富、资质良好，并与一般实践整合在一起，开展了一系列活动。这些发现对劳动力规划和未来的教育和培训具有重要意义。
