Epitope imprinting of Mycobacterium leprae bacteria via molecularly imprinted nanoparticles using multiple monomers approach.

Mycobacterium leprae causes endemic disease leprosy which becomes chronic if not treated timely. To expedite this 'timely diagnosis', and that also at an early stage, here an attempt is made to fabricate an epitope-imprinted sensor. A molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles modified electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance sensor was developed for sensing of Mycobacterium leprae bacteria through its epitope sequence. Multiple monomers, 3-sulphopropyl methacrylate potassium salt, benzyl methacrylate and 4-aminothiophenol were utilized to imprint this bacterial epitope. Imprinted nanoparticles were electropolymerized on gold coated quartz electrode. The sensor was able to show specific binding towards the blood samples of infected patients, even in the presence of 'matrix' and other plasma proteins such as albumin and globulin. Even other peptide sequences, similar to epitope sequences only with two amino acid mismatches were also unable to show any binding. Sensor withstood analytical tests viz. selectivity, specificity, matrix effect, detection limit (0.161 nM), quantification limit (and 0.536 nM), reproducibility (RSD 2.01%). Hence a diagnostic tool for bacterium causing leprosy is successfully fabricated in a facile manner which will broaden the clinical access and efficient population screening can be made feasible.