Zeni S N, de Portela M L
Departamento de Bromatología y Nutrición Experimental, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1988 Jun;38(2):209-18.
Knowledge about calcium nutritional status in Argentina is scarce, due to the lack of systematic studies carried out in the country. For this reason, in the present report we have gathered information from data of food availability, nutritional surveys and the biochemical indicator Ca/Creatinine ratio in basal urine. All these data, jointly analyzed, allow certain extrapolations, based on which it is feasible to deduce conclusions as to the nutritional status in regard to such nutrient. Food availability data reveal an inadequate supply of calcium. On the other hand, the surveys, carried out for different purposes but with similar methodology, reveal a high percentage of deficient individuals, with reference to the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) of the NRC (800 mg/day for adults). The use of the Ca/Creatinine ratio, in basal urine, confirms the high prevalence of Ca nutritional deficiency. Therefore, in our population which has a high protein consumption, Ca requirements are better reflected by NRC's RDA than FAO's (400 mg/day). These results clearly show that Ca deficiency is a generalized nutritional problem in the country. The causes seem to be not dependent on socioeconomic level, but would be closely related to dietary imbalance derived from the alimentary habits common to the Argentine population.
由于阿根廷国内缺乏系统性研究，关于该国钙营养状况的了解十分匮乏。因此，在本报告中，我们收集了食物可获取量数据、营养调查数据以及基础尿样中的生化指标钙/肌酐比值等信息。对所有这些数据进行综合分析后，可以做出一些推断，据此能够得出关于该营养素营养状况的结论。食物可获取量数据显示钙供应不足。另一方面，尽管各项调查目的不同但方法相似，结果显示，参照美国国家研究委员会（NRC）的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA，成年人每日800毫克），钙缺乏个体的比例很高。基础尿样中钙/肌酐比值的测定结果证实了钙营养缺乏的高发生率。所以，在我们这个蛋白质摄入量较高的人群中，美国国家研究委员会的RDA比联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）的（每日400毫克）更能准确反映钙的需求量。这些结果清楚地表明，钙缺乏是该国普遍存在的营养问题。其原因似乎并不取决于社会经济水平，而与阿根廷民众常见饮食习惯导致的饮食不均衡密切相关。
