H3K9 三甲基化对基因表达和细胞身份的控制。
The control of gene expression and cell identity by H3K9 trimethylation.
机构信息
California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, 147-75, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, 147-75, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
出版信息
Development. 2019 Sep 20;146(19):dev181180. doi: 10.1242/dev.181180.
Histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is a conserved histone modification that is best known for its role in constitutive heterochromatin formation and the repression of repetitive DNA elements. More recently, it has become evident that H3K9me3 is also deposited at certain loci in a tissue-specific manner and plays important roles in regulating cell identity. Notably, H3K9me3 can repress genes encoding silencing factors, pointing to a fundamental principle of repressive chromatin auto-regulation. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that H3K9me3 deposition requires protein SUMOylation in different contexts, suggesting that the SUMO pathway functions as an important module in gene silencing and heterochromatin formation. In this Review, we discuss the role of H3K9me3 in gene regulation in various systems and the molecular mechanisms that guide the silencing machinery to target loci.
组蛋白 3 赖氨酸 9 三甲基化 (H3K9me3) 是一种保守的组蛋白修饰，其在组成型异染色质形成和重复 DNA 元件的抑制中发挥作用而闻名。最近，人们已经明显认识到 H3K9me3 还以组织特异性的方式在某些基因座上沉积，并在调节细胞身份方面发挥着重要作用。值得注意的是，H3K9me3 可以抑制沉默因子编码基因，这表明抑制性染色质的自我调控存在一个基本原理。有趣的是，最近的研究表明，H3K9me3 的沉积在不同的情况下需要蛋白质 SUMOylation，这表明 SUMO 途径作为基因沉默和异染色质形成的重要模块发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 H3K9me3 在各种系统中的基因调控作用，以及指导沉默机制靶向基因座的分子机制。
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