Fagan J, Wexler S
New York City Criminal Justice Agency, New York.
Violence Vict. 1987 Spring;2(1):5-23.
Research and theory on violent behavior have treated aggression between intimates and aggression between strangers as separate phenomena. Major criminological works on violence and aggression have generally overlooked violence in the home. As a result, independent and distinct bodies of theoretical and practical knowledge exist regarding family violence and aggression toward strangers, and the relationship between family violence and violence directed against strangers is little understood. Estimates of the intersection of these behaviors vary extensively. Severity of domestic violence is associated with violence outside the home. Exposure to violence as a child consistently emerges as a strong explanatory factor for both domestic violence and the behavior of "generally" violent men. Behavior patterns appear to shift over time, from domestic violence only to violence toward both strangers and family members. However, an integrated theory of violent behavior by males provides explanations of both stranger and family violence. Early childhood socialization toward violence, modified by social and cultural supports during adolescence and adulthood, suggests a social learning paradigm. Hypotheses are developed that integrate and unify theories of stranger and family violence.
关于暴力行为的研究和理论一直将亲密关系中的攻击行为和陌生人之间的攻击行为视为不同的现象。主要的关于暴力和攻击行为的犯罪学著作普遍忽视了家庭中的暴力行为。因此，关于家庭暴力和对陌生人的攻击行为，存在独立且不同的理论和实践知识体系，而家庭暴力与针对陌生人的暴力行为之间的关系却鲜为人知。对这些行为交集的估计差异很大。家庭暴力的严重程度与家庭外的暴力行为有关。童年时期遭受暴力一直是家庭暴力和“一般”暴力男性行为的一个强有力的解释因素。行为模式似乎会随着时间而转变，从仅实施家庭暴力转变为对陌生人和家庭成员都实施暴力。然而，一种关于男性暴力行为的综合理论为陌生人暴力和家庭暴力都提供了解释。童年早期对暴力的社会化，在青春期和成年期受到社会和文化支持的影响，这提示了一种社会学习范式。本文提出了一些假设，这些假设整合并统一了陌生人暴力和家庭暴力的理论。
